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Los Impactos Únicos del Sesgo Implícito en Medicina de Emergencia
Amber Cibrario1, Rahul Bhat2, Bruce M Lo3
1Hawaii Emergency Physician Associated, Hilo Medical Center Hilo Hawaii USA.
AEM education and training
|December 25, 2025
Resumen
El sesgo implícito, o actitudes inconscientes, puede afectar negativamente la atención al paciente y el bienestar del proveedor en medicina de emergencia (ME). Este artículo explora el sesgo en el servicio de urgencias (SU) y propone soluciones para mejorar la experiencia del paciente y la equidad de la fuerza laboral.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ética médica
- Gestión sanitaria
- Psicología cognitiva
Sus antecedentes:
- El sesgo implícito implica actitudes inconscientes que impactan las decisiones.
- El entorno del servicio de urgencias (SU), con alto estrés y carga cognitiva, exacerba la susceptibilidad al sesgo.
- El sesgo en medicina de emergencia (ME) afecta los resultados del paciente y el bienestar de los proveedores de atención médica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Esbozar cómo sesgos específicos impactan la atención al paciente y la práctica médica en el SU.
- Proponer soluciones específicas para abordar el sesgo implícito en ME.
- Mejorar la experiencia de atención al paciente y promover la equidad en la fuerza laboral de ME.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de literatura sobre sesgo implícito en entornos de alto estrés.
- Análisis de la manifestación del sesgo en entornos de medicina de emergencia.
- Desarrollo de estrategias de intervención multinivel (individual, institucional, especialidad).
Principales resultados:
- El sesgo implícito puede conducir a una atención al paciente subóptima y a resultados adversos en el SU.
- La carga cognitiva del médico en el SU aumenta la vulnerabilidad a los sesgos inconscientes.
- Son necesarias intervenciones específicas para mitigar los efectos del sesgo.
Conclusiones:
- Abordar el sesgo implícito es crucial para mejorar la calidad de la atención al paciente y la equidad en medicina de emergencia.
- Se necesitan soluciones multifacéticas para combatir el sesgo a nivel individual, institucional y de especialidad.
- La mitigación del sesgo puede mejorar tanto la experiencia del paciente como el bienestar de los profesionales de ME.
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