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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Stephanie M Simone1, Moira McKniff1, Marina Kaplan1

  • 1Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La depresión, la ansiedad y la carga del cuidador del informante influyen significativamente en los informes de funcionamiento diario en adultos mayores. Estos factores, junto con el estado cognitivo, son cruciales para evaluaciones funcionales precisas.

Palabras clave:
adultos mayoresinformantesestado de ánimoansiedadcarga del cuidadorfuncionamiento diarioevaluación funcionaldeterioro cognitivodemenciatrastornos neurocognitivos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología; Neuropsicología; Psicología Clínica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los informes de los informantes son vitales para evaluar el funcionamiento diario en adultos mayores, lo que ayuda a diagnosticar el deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) frente a la demencia.
  • La investigación existente destaca posibles sesgos por las demografías de los informantes, pero el impacto del estado de ánimo y la angustia del informante sigue estando poco explorado.
  • Este estudio aborda la brecha investigando cómo la depresión, la ansiedad y la carga del cuidador del informante afectan las calificaciones funcionales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Determinar si el estado de ánimo, la ansiedad y la angustia del informante influyen en las calificaciones del funcionamiento diario.
  • Evaluar si estos factores del informante impactan las calificaciones funcionales independientemente de las demografías y las habilidades cognitivas del participante.
  • Examinar la relación entre la carga del cuidador y el estado funcional informado por el informante.

Principales métodos:

  • 183 adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad y sus informantes completaron cuestionarios validados y pruebas cognitivas.
  • Las medidas incluyeron la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica, el Inventario de Depresión de Beck-II, el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo y la Evaluación de la Carga del Cuidador de Zarit.
  • Se utilizó la regresión lineal jerárquica para analizar la influencia de las variables del informante en las calificaciones de la Escala de Evaluación Funcional (FAQ).

Principales resultados:

  • Los síntomas depresivos del participante y la peor cognición se asociaron con calificaciones más altas (más deterioradas) en el FAQ.
  • Los síntomas depresivos del informante, la ansiedad y la carga del cuidador se vincularon significativamente con calificaciones más altas en el FAQ.
  • La angustia del informante y la carga del cuidador, junto con la cognición del participante, predijeron significativamente el funcionamiento informado por el informante.

Conclusiones:

  • La alta carga del cuidador se asocia con una sobreestimación del deterioro funcional, consistente con los hallazgos en muestras de demencia.
  • Esta asociación se extiende a muestras de adultos mayores basadas en la comunidad, incluidas aquellas sin deterioro cognitivo significativo.
  • Los clínicos e investigadores deben considerar la angustia del informante al interpretar las calificaciones de la capacidad funcional.