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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Emma Rhodes1, Rich Jones2, Sheina Emrani1

  • 1Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Un nuevo análisis del modelo bifactorial del Cuestionario de Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico (NPI-Q) revela variabilidad en los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos (SN) en la demencia, oscurecida por las puntuaciones totales. Esta medición mejorada (Np) ofrece información valiosa en diversos diagnósticos de demencia.

Palabras clave:
demenciasíntomas neuropsiquiátricosNPI-Qmodelo bifactorialevaluación clínica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Psiquiatría; Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos (SN) son prevalentes en la demencia pero difíciles de medir con precisión.; El Cuestionario de Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico (NPI-Q) se usa ampliamente pero tiene limitaciones en precisión y dimensionalidad.; Mejorar la medición de los SN es crucial para comprender la fisiopatología y el tratamiento de la demencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar el potencial del análisis del modelo bifactorial para mejorar la medición de los SN utilizando el NPI-Q.; Evaluar la dimensionalidad de los SN y derivar puntuaciones compuestas mejoradas (Np).; Explorar la utilidad clínica de las puntuaciones Np en relación con la gravedad de la enfermedad y la discapacidad funcional.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) con datos del NPI-Q de 51.520 participantes del National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC).; Se aplicó un modelo bifactorial para identificar un factor general de SN y un factor específico de irritabilidad/agitación.; Se derivaron puntuaciones factoriales compuestas (Np) y se compararon con las puntuaciones totales del NPI-Q, y se examinaron las asociaciones con la gravedad de la enfermedad (CDR) y la discapacidad funcional (FAS).

Principales resultados:

  • El modelo bifactorial reveló un factor general de SN y un factor específico de irritabilidad/agitación.; Las puntuaciones Np se correlacionaron fuertemente con las puntuaciones totales del NPI-Q (0,94) pero capturaron variabilidad adicional.; Se observaron puntuaciones Np más altas en la demencia frontotemporal (DFTF) y la demencia con cuerpos de Lewy (DCL), y se asociaron con una mayor gravedad de la enfermedad y discapacidad funcional.

Conclusiones:

  • La puntuación del modelo bifactorial del NPI-Q proporciona una comprensión más matizada de la variabilidad de los SN en la demencia.; Las puntuaciones Np ofrecen información valiosa de los datos del NPI-Q en diversos diagnósticos de demencia.; Este enfoque de medición mejorado puede mejorar la investigación y la evaluación clínica de los SN en la enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (EA y demencias relacionadas).