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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Zahinoor Ismail1

  • 1Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La agitación en la enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (ADRD) es común pero se detecta poco. Los nuevos criterios de la International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) estandarizan la evaluación de la agitación, mejorando la atención clínica y la investigación de los comportamientos relacionados con la demencia.

Palabras clave:
AgitaciónEnfermedad de AlzheimerDemenciaCriterios de diagnósticoTrastornos de la conducta

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología
  • Neurología
  • Psiquiatría

Sus antecedentes:

  • La agitación en la enfermedad de Alzheimer y las demencias relacionadas (ADRD) provoca un deterioro funcional significativo, hospitalización y carga para el cuidador.
  • Hasta el 60% de las personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) experimentan agitación, sin embargo, a menudo se detecta de forma tardía o inconsistente.
  • Las descripciones sintomáticas actuales de la agitación carecen de criterios estandarizados, lo que dificulta la medición y la evaluación del tratamiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Presentar y validar los criterios de la International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) para la Agitación en Trastornos Cognitivos.
  • Demostrar la utilidad clínica del enfoque sindrómico de la IPA para la agitación.
  • Mejorar la estandarización de la evaluación y comunicación de la agitación en la práctica clínica y la investigación.

Principales métodos:

  • Desarrollo y validación de los criterios de la IPA para la Agitación en Trastornos Cognitivos.
  • Definición de agitación basada en comportamientos angustiantes en agresión verbal, agresión física y actividad motora excesiva.
  • Presentación de un estudio de caso clínico para ilustrar la aplicación de los criterios de la IPA.

Principales resultados:

  • Los criterios de la IPA proporcionan un enfoque sindrómico, mejorando los descriptores sintomáticos previos.
  • La nomenclatura y nosología estandarizadas facilitan la comunicación consistente sobre los comportamientos relacionados con la demencia.
  • El caso clínico demuestra el beneficio de los criterios de la IPA en la evaluación, medición y toma de decisiones.

Conclusiones:

  • Los criterios de la IPA ofrecen un marco estandarizado para evaluar y medir la agitación en trastornos cognitivos.
  • La adopción de la nosología de la IPA mejora la atención clínica, la comunicación con el cuidador y los esfuerzos de investigación.
  • La evaluación estandarizada es crucial para el manejo oportuno y efectivo de la agitación en la ADRD.