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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Agustin Perez1, Gaston Moreno Milicich2, Waleska Berrios3

  • 1Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La demencia frontotemporal de variante conductual (bvFTD) es el subtipo más común del trastorno del espectro frontotemporal (EICH). Este estudio destaca la importancia del reconocimiento y diagnóstico oportunos de los subtipos de EICH en Argentina.

Palabras clave:
demencia frontotemporalbvFTDPPAEICH-ELAdiagnósticotratamientoArgentina

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Neurología
  • Geriatría

Sus antecedentes:

  • El trastorno del espectro frontotemporal (EICH) comprende afecciones neurodegenerativas que afectan los lóbulos frontal y temporal.
  • Los subtipos de EICH incluyen la demencia frontotemporal de variante conductual (bvFTD), las afasias primarias progresivas (APP) y la EICH-enfermedad de la neurona motora (EICH-ELA).
  • Los datos sociodemográficos sobre EICH son limitados, particularmente en regiones como Argentina.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes diagnosticados con EICH.
  • Analizar la prevalencia de los diferentes subtipos de EICH en una cohorte de un solo centro.
  • Evaluar el tiempo hasta el diagnóstico y los patrones de tratamiento para pacientes con EICH.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis retrospectivo de 26 pacientes con EICH diagnosticados entre enero de 2010 y abril de 2024.
  • Clasificación en subtipos: bvFTD, afasia primaria progresiva no fluente (APPNF), afasia primaria progresiva semántica (APPS), parálisis supranuclear progresiva/síndrome corticobasal (PSP/CBS) y EICH-ELA.
  • Los datos recopilados incluyeron datos demográficos, tiempo de diagnóstico, antecedentes familiares y medicamentos.

Principales resultados:

  • La bvFTD fue el subtipo más prevalente (42,3%), seguida de la nfvPPA y la EICH-ELA (19,2% cada una).
  • La muestra fue predominantemente femenina (65,4%), con una edad media al diagnóstico de 74,38 años.
  • El tiempo medio hasta el diagnóstico fue de 2,04 años, con un 34,6% tratado con antipsicóticos y un 57,7% con antidepresivos.

Conclusiones:

  • La bvFTD es el subtipo de EICH más frecuente, lo que concuerda con investigaciones previas.
  • Se observó un retraso diagnóstico más corto en comparación con otros informes, lo que enfatiza la necesidad de un reconocimiento rápido.
  • La investigación futura debería centrarse en la expansión de los registros de pacientes y la evaluación del impacto socioeconómico de la EICH.