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Desarrollo de Fármacos

Pranav Mishra1,2, Ehsan Esfahani1, Paul Fernyhough1,2

  • 1Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

El 17-beta estradiol (E2) protege contra la patología de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) al mitigar la neuroinflamación y la disfunción mitocondrial inducidas por beta-amiloide (Aβ). El tratamiento con E2 restauró los reguladores metabólicos y mejoró la función neuronal, lo que sugiere un potencial terapéutico para la EA.

Palabras clave:
EstradiolEnfermedad de AlzheimerNeuroprotecciónDisfunción mitocondrialNeuroinflamación

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Biología Molecular; Endocrinología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) implica neuroinflamación y disfunción mitocondrial, exacerbada por el beta-amiloide (Aβ).; La pérdida de estradiol (E2) durante el envejecimiento y la menopausia se correlaciona con un mayor riesgo de EA.; El E2 exhibe propiedades neuroprotectoras al regular la función mitocondrial y la inflamación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar los efectos neuroprotectores del 17-beta estradiol (E2) contra la neuroinflamación y la disfunción mitocondrial inducidas por Aβ en la enfermedad de Alzheimer.; Explorar el E2 como una posible intervención terapéutica para la EA.

Principales métodos:

  • Se cultivaron neuronas corticales primarias y se trataron con Aβ para inducir patología de EA, con algunos grupos recibiendo pretratamiento con E2.; Se utilizaron Western blot, MTT, LDH, ELISA y ensayos Seahorse XF para evaluar la expresión de proteínas, la viabilidad celular, la citotoxicidad, los marcadores inflamatorios y la función mitocondrial.; Se analizaron la activación del NF-κB y los niveles de reguladores metabólicos como pAMPK y PGC-1α.

Principales resultados:

  • El tratamiento con Aβ disminuyó los niveles de pAMPK y PGC-1α, alteró la función mitocondrial y activó el NF-κB proinflamatorio.; El pretratamiento con E2 restauró los niveles de pAMPK y PGC-1α, preservó la función mitocondrial y la producción de ATP, y redujo la activación del NF-κB.; El E2 atenuó la neurotoxicidad inducida por Aβ y disminuyó los niveles de citoquinas inflamatorias.

Conclusiones:

  • El E2 demuestra efectos neuroprotectores significativos contra Aβ en neuronas corticales primarias.; El E2 mitiga la disfunción mitocondrial, la inflamación y la neurotoxicidad inducidas por Aβ.; El E2 tiene potencial como agente terapéutico para la enfermedad de Alzheimer al dirigirse a la disfunción mitocondrial y la neuroinflamación.