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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Sarah Prieto1,2, Molly Split1, Alyssa N De Vito3,4

  • 1Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las fluctuaciones diarias del estrés afectan el rendimiento cognitivo en adultos mayores. El estrés más alto mejoró la memoria de trabajo visual, especialmente en personas positivas para amiloide-beta, mientras que ralentizó la velocidad de procesamiento.

Palabras clave:
estrés diariocogniciónadultos mayoresamiloide-betamemoria de trabajovelocidad de procesamiento

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia cognitiva; Gerontología; Psicología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La investigación tradicional vincula el estrés y la disfunción cognitiva en adultos mayores utilizando comparaciones entre grupos.
  • Las evaluaciones basadas en teléfonos inteligentes permiten el análisis de la variabilidad intraindividual del estrés y la cognición.
  • El estado de amiloide-beta (Aβ) puede influir en las relaciones entre estrés y cognición.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la variabilidad intraindividual del estrés como predictor de resultados cognitivos.
  • Examinar cómo las asociaciones entre estrés y cognición difieren según el estado de amiloide-beta (Aβ).

Principales métodos:

  • 123 adultos cognitivamente normales (60-81 años) completaron tareas cognitivas diarias basadas en teléfonos inteligentes (velocidad de procesamiento, memoria de trabajo visual, memoria episódica) durante ocho días.
  • Los participantes informaron sus niveles de estrés inmediatamente antes de cada evaluación cognitiva a través de la aplicación M2C2.
  • Se utilizó el modelado multinivel para analizar la interacción entre el estrés intraindividual y el número de sesiones, con análisis exploratorios estratificados según los resultados de imágenes PET de Aβ.

Principales resultados:

  • La menor carga de estrés se asoció con una velocidad de procesamiento (PS) más rápida con el tiempo (p=.01).
  • Un mayor nivel de estrés se relacionó con una asociación positiva más pronunciada entre el número de sesiones y la precisión de la memoria de trabajo visual (WM) (p=.04).
  • En individuos positivos para amiloide-beta (Aβ+), un mayor nivel de estrés interactuó con el número de sesiones para mejorar la precisión de la WM (p=.02).

Conclusiones:

  • Las fluctuaciones del estrés intraindividual afectan significativamente el rendimiento cognitivo durante el monitoreo remoto.
  • Un aumento del estrés puede perjudicar la velocidad de procesamiento pero mejorar la memoria de trabajo visual, particularmente en individuos Aβ+.
  • Los cambios en los recursos atencionales inducidos por el estrés podrían explicar las variaciones en el rendimiento cognitivo en dominios específicos.