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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Andrew J Petkus1, Bryan Rowe2, Lucy Montoya1

  • 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La disminución de la audición y las habilidades motoras se asocia con una peor memoria y función ejecutiva en latinos con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) o en riesgo. Estos hallazgos resaltan posibles indicadores tempranos de la neuropatología de la EA.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de AlzheimerLatinoamericanosDeterioro cognitivoFunción ejecutivaMemoriaHabilidades motorasAudiciónBiomarcadores tempranos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Gerontología; Genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • El deterioro motor y sensorial son factores de riesgo para la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA).; Las asociaciones entre las capacidades motoras/sensoriales y la cognición están poco estudiadas en poblaciones latinas y en la EA autosómica dominante (ADAD).; La ADAD ofrece un modelo único debido a menos factores de confusión en comparación con la EA de inicio tardío (LOAD).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar las asociaciones entre la capacidad motora, la audición y la olfacción con la memoria episódica y la función ejecutiva.; Investigar la heterogeneidad en estas asociaciones dentro de una muestra predominantemente latina en riesgo de ADAD o LOAD.; Explorar el efecto moderador del grupo clínico en estas relaciones.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio transversal de 83 latinos utilizando las baterías de motor, sensación y cognición de NIH Toolbox.; Participantes categorizados en portadores de mutaciones ADAD, no portadores en riesgo e individuos en riesgo/afectados por LOAD.; Regresiones lineales multivariables ajustadas por edad, sexo y educación, con examen de la moderación del efecto por grupo clínico.

Principales resultados:

  • Un peor rendimiento en el test de clavijas, fuerza de agarre y audición se asoció con una peor memoria, flexibilidad cognitiva e inhibición en todos los participantes.; El equilibrio y la olfacción también se correlacionaron con la flexibilidad y la inhibición.; Los déficits auditivos mostraron asociaciones significativamente mayores con la flexibilidad y la inhibición en los portadores de mutaciones ADAD en comparación con otros grupos.

Conclusiones:

  • Una peor audición, habilidades motoras finas y fuerza en la parte superior del cuerpo se correlacionan con una disminución de la memoria y la función ejecutiva en latinos con ADAD o en riesgo de LOAD.; La neuropatología de la enfermedad de Alzheimer puede afectar las habilidades motoras y el procesamiento auditivo.; Estos hallazgos sugieren posibles biomarcadores tempranos para la EA en poblaciones en riesgo.