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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Xin Ma1, Ming Zhang2, Yaonan Zheng3,4

  • 1Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, Beijing, China.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio diferencia la Demencia con Cuerpos de Lewy (DCL) de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) utilizando pruebas cognitivas. Un modelo de diagnóstico que incorpora puntuaciones de la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica distingue con precisión entre estas afecciones neurodegenerativas.

Palabras clave:
Demencia con Cuerpos de LewyEnfermedad de AlzheimerDiagnóstico diferencialPruebas neuropsicológicasModelos de diagnóstico

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Geriatric Medicine

Sus antecedentes:

  • Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) present similar cognitive symptoms, complicating diagnosis.
  • Accurate differentiation is crucial for effective treatment and patient management.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • To compare cognitive impairments in DLB and AD patients.
  • To identify specific cognitive assessments that can reliably distinguish between DLB and AD.

Principales métodos:

  • 159 participants (DLB, AD, and normal controls) underwent neuropsychological testing using the Chinese Neuropsychological Normative (CN-NORM) Project - Consensus Battery (CNCB).
  • Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to identify differentiating cognitive variables and assess diagnostic accuracy.

Principales resultados:

  • Both DLB and AD groups showed significant cognitive deficits compared to normal controls across all domains.
  • DLB patients exhibited higher depression scores but worse performance in attention, executive function, visuospatial, and social cognition tasks compared to AD patients.
  • AD patients demonstrated poorer memory function.
  • A model using Geriatric Depression Inventory, Hong Kong Brief Cognitive Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, and Judgment of Line Orientation Test achieved high diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.923) for differentiating DLB from AD.

Conclusiones:

  • Distinct cognitive profiles exist for DLB and AD.
  • A validated diagnostic model using specific cognitive tests can improve the differential diagnosis between DLB and AD.
  • These findings offer a practical tool to aid clinicians in distinguishing these neurodegenerative diseases.