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Ciencia básica y patogénesis

Renata Elaine Paraizo Leite1, Lea T Grinberg1,2, Vitor Ribeiro Paes1

  • 1University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos (SN) en adultos de mediana edad están relacionados con lesiones cerebrales. Las lesiones vasculares, como los infartos lacunares, se asocian con agitación, irritabilidad y delirios, lo que sugiere su papel en la enfermedad temprana.

Palabras clave:
lesiones cerebralessíntomas neuropsiquiátricosadultos de mediana edadmarcadores tempranosenfermedades neurodegenerativas

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neuropatología; Neuropsiquiatría; Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos (SN) son prevalentes en los trastornos neurodegenerativos y pueden preceder al deterioro cognitivo. Comprender la relación entre las lesiones neuropatológicas y los SN en adultos más jóvenes y de mediana edad es crucial para identificar marcadores tempranos de la enfermedad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la asociación entre sustratos neuropatológicos específicos y SN comunes en adultos de 30 a 64 años. Explorar la prevalencia de SN en relación con el estado cognitivo en este grupo de edad.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio post-mortem basado en la población de 413 individuos (30-64 años). Se evaluó la neuropatología (ONF, amiloide-β, cuerpos de Lewy, TDP-43, infartos, AAC, aterosclerosis) y los SN (Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico). Se utilizaron modelos ajustados para evaluar las relaciones entre la neuropatología y siete SN, y se comparó la frecuencia de SN según el estado cognitivo (CDR).

Principales resultados:

  • Los SN fueron más comunes en individuos con deterioro cognitivo. La depresión y la ansiedad se correlacionaron con las etapas de ovillos neurofibrilares (ONF). La ansiedad se relacionó con la angiopatía amiloide cerebral (AAC); la agitación, la irritabilidad y los delirios se asociaron con infartos lacunares.

Conclusiones:

  • Las lesiones vasculares muestran una relación significativa con síntomas neuropsiquiátricos específicos. Los hallazgos subrayan el potencial de la patología vascular como contribuyente a los SN en adultos de mediana edad.