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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Yiqi Zhu1, Jean-Francois Trani2,3, Ramkrishna Singh4

  • 1Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) se asocia con un aumento de los síntomas de deterioro conductual leve (MBI), incluso sin biomarcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. La detección y el tratamiento tempranos del TDM pueden ayudar a controlar los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos.

Palabras clave:
trastorno depresivo mayordeterioro conductual levebiomarcadores de Alzheimeradultos mayoresneuropsiquiatría

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Gerontología
  • Psiquiatría

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos (SN) y los biomarcadores son indicadores tempranos de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (ADRD).
  • El trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) comparte SN con las ADRD, lo que complica el diagnóstico diferencial.
  • Los biomarcadores plasmáticos y el deterioro conductual leve (MBI) se asocian de forma independiente con el riesgo de ADRD, pero su interrelación en el TDM requiere más estudio.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Explorar las asociaciones transversales entre los biomarcadores plasmáticos y el MBI en individuos con y sin TDM.

Principales métodos:

  • Se evaluaron 334 adultos mayores cognitivamente sanos (CDR=0) para detectar SN utilizando la lista de verificación MBI.
  • Se midieron biomarcadores plasmáticos (Aβ42/Aβ40, ptau181/nptau181, ptau217/nptau217).
  • Se evaluaron modelos de regresión logística de las asociaciones entre TDM, biomarcadores plasmáticos y MBI, controlando las covariables.

Principales resultados:

  • El diagnóstico de TDM se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de síntomas de MBI, independientemente del estado del biomarcador Aβ42/Aβ40.
  • Los participantes con TDM y Aβ42/Aβ40 negativo tuvieron 5,42 veces más probabilidades de reportar síntomas de MBI.
  • Los participantes con TDM y Aβ42/Aβ40 positivo tuvieron 7,23 veces más probabilidades de reportar síntomas de MBI.

Conclusiones:

  • El TDM se asocia con un empeoramiento del MBI, lo que sugiere que el manejo temprano del TDM puede reducir la gravedad de los SN.
  • La diferenciación de ADRD de TDM sigue siendo un desafío.
  • Se necesita más investigación para aclarar las características diagnósticas y conductuales distintas de ADRD y TDM.