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Uso de tabaco, experiencias y conocimientos entre trabajadores agrícolas mexicanos indígenas

Alison K Herrmann^1,2, Genevieve Flores-Haro³, Barbara Berman^4,5

¹UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity; UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States. aherrmann@ucla.edu.

Journal of immigrant and minority health

|December 25, 2025

Resumen

Los inmigrantes mexicanos indígenas, vitales para la fuerza laboral agrícola, muestran un consumo significativo de tabaco y lagunas de conocimiento. Los programas de prevención y cesación culturalmente adaptados son cruciales para esta comunidad.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Pública
Sociología
Disparidades en la Salud

Sus antecedentes:

Los inmigrantes mexicanos indígenas son una parte importante de la fuerza laboral agrícola de EE. UU.
Las barreras culturales y lingüísticas limitan su participación en la investigación de la salud, incluidos los estudios sobre el tabaco.
Comprender sus necesidades únicas es esencial para intervenciones de salud efectivas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar el consumo de tabaco, la exposición y el conocimiento entre los inmigrantes mexicanos indígenas.
Identificar disparidades en el acceso a información y programación relacionada con el tabaco.
Informar el desarrollo de estrategias de control del tabaco cultural y lingüísticamente apropiadas.

Principales métodos:

Una asociación comunitaria-académica (Mixteco Indigena Community Organizing Project y UCLA) realizó una encuesta.
La encuesta (n=200) se administró en español, inglés o mixteco.
Los datos recopilados incluyeron datos demográficos, consumo de tabaco y conocimiento de los daños.

Principales resultados:

Los participantes informaron un consumo considerable de tabaco y exposición al humo de segunda mano.
Se identificaron lagunas significativas en el conocimiento sobre los daños del tabaco para la salud.
Se informó una experiencia limitada con programas de prevención o control del tabaco.

Conclusiones:

Los programas de prevención son más efectivos para los inmigrantes recientes que utilizan su lengua indígena nativa.
Los recursos de cesación deben dirigirse a los inmigrantes a más largo plazo con dominio del español y exposición al marketing.
Los programas cultural y lingüísticamente adaptados son vitales para esta población marginada.

Palabras clave:

Cigarrillos electrónicos Inmigrante Mexicano indígena Encuesta Tabaco

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