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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Gonzalo Nicolás Pérez1,2,3, Ivan Caro1,3, Joaquín Valdez Bisé4

  • 1Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El análisis automatizado del habla predice con precisión el deterioro cognitivo y los cambios cerebrales en latinos de habla hispana. Este método asequible ayuda a la detección temprana de trastornos neurocognitivos como la demencia por enfermedad de Alzheimer.

Palabras clave:
análisis de vozdeterioro cognitivosalud cerebrallatinosdetección temprana de demenciaenfermedad de Alzheimer

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Lingüística Computacional
  • Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las poblaciones que envejecen enfrentan tasas crecientes de trastornos neurocognitivos, incluido el deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (SCD), el deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) y la demencia por enfermedad de Alzheimer (ADD).
  • Los métodos de diagnóstico tradicionales (pruebas cognitivas, neuroimagen) son costosos, consumen mucho tiempo e inaccesibles en muchas regiones.
  • El análisis automatizado del habla y el lenguaje (ASLA) presenta una alternativa rentable y escalable para la detección temprana en comunidades desatendidas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la eficacia de ASLA en la predicción de medidas cognitivas y de neuroimagen en el continuo del deterioro neurocognitivo en individuos chilenos de habla hispana.
  • Abordar la brecha en la investigación de ASLA para este grupo demográfico específico y espectro cognitivo.

Principales métodos:

  • 150 participantes chilenos (17 controles, 55 SCD, 57 MCI, 21 ADD) completaron tareas de fluidez, evaluaciones cognitivas (ACE-III, MoCA, IFS) y resonancias magnéticas.
  • Los modelos de aprendizaje automático analizaron características del habla (propiedades de las palabras, tiempo) de las tareas de fluidez utilizando la aplicación TELL.
  • Los modelos predijeron puntuaciones de pruebas cognitivas y volúmenes cerebrales (materia gris, materia blanca, hipocampo).

Principales resultados:

  • Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre las características derivadas de ASLA y las puntuaciones cognitivas (ACE-III: r=0,55, MoCA: r=0,39, IFS: r=0,31).
  • ASLA también se correlacionó con el volumen de materia gris normalizada (r=0,34).
  • Estos hallazgos fueron más robustos utilizando características de propiedades de palabras de tareas de fluidez combinadas.

Conclusiones:

  • Un pipeline ASLA totalmente automatizado captura eficazmente indicadores cognitivos y de RM de la salud cerebral a partir de breves tareas de habla.
  • Este enfoque es independiente del examinador, objetivo, eficiente en el tiempo y asequible, ofreciendo ventajas sobre las herramientas de diagnóstico estándar.
  • ASLA representa una solución escalable para promover la equidad sanitaria mundial en la lucha contra la demencia y el deterioro cognitivo.