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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Sara Becker1,2, Baeleigh VanderZwaag3,4, Hawra Al-Khaz'Alya1,2

  • 1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

Este estudio no encontró evidencia de que los síntomas infantiles de trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) sean más comunes en adultos mayores con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) o que el TDAH esté relacionado con la enfermedad de cuerpos de Lewy (ECL). No se sugiere que el TDAH sea una etapa temprana o un factor de riesgo para la ECL.

Palabras clave:
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con HiperactividadEnfermedad de Cuerpos de LewyEnfermedad de ParkinsonAdultos MayoresMarcadores Tempranos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Neurología
  • Psiquiatría

Sus antecedentes:

  • Investigaciones emergentes sugieren un vínculo entre el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) en adultos y la enfermedad de cuerpos de Lewy (ECL) más adelante en la vida.
  • Las personas con ECL a menudo reportan síntomas de TDAH al principio de la vida, lo que impulsa una mayor investigación sobre esta asociación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la prevalencia de síntomas infantiles de TDAH en adultos mayores diagnosticados con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP).
  • Evaluar marcadores tempranos de ECL en adultos mayores con TDAH.
  • Determinar si el TDAH es un indicador temprano o un factor de riesgo para la ECL.

Principales métodos:

  • Se reclutaron participantes adultos (mayores de 40 años) de Calgary, Alberta, incluidos grupos con TDAH, EP y controles.
  • Las evaluaciones estandarizadas incluyeron pruebas cognitivas, escalas de síntomas de TDAH (síntomas infantiles), inventario de depresión, disfunción autonómica, inventario de trastorno de conducta del sueño REM (TCSR) y pruebas de identificación del olfato.
  • Las diferencias grupales se analizaron utilizando las pruebas H de Kruskal-Wallis o Chi-cuadrado.

Principales resultados:

  • El grupo con TDAH reportó significativamente más inatención infantil y síntomas hiperactivos/impulsivos en comparación con los grupos de EP y control.
  • Los participantes con EP mostraron tasas más altas de disfunción autonómica (salivación, estreñimiento) y peor función olfativa que los grupos con TDAH y control.
  • El trastorno de conducta del sueño REM (TCSR) probable fue más prevalente en el grupo de EP (53,1%) en comparación con los grupos de TDAH (22,9%) y control (12,5%).

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio no encontró una mayor prevalencia de síntomas infantiles de TDAH en personas con EP.
  • No hay evidencia que sugiera que el TDAH sea una etapa temprana o un factor de riesgo para la ECL.
  • Los hallazgos no respaldan un vínculo fisiopatológico entre el TDAH y la ECL.