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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Genna M Mashinchi1, Taylor F Levine2, Emily Post2

  • 1Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas, NV, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La prueba Trail Making Test B (TMTB) predice mejor el deterioro funcional en latinos hispanos y blancos no hispanos. TMTB

Palabras clave:
deterioro funcionalpruebas neuropsicológicasadultos mayoreslatinos hispanosblancos no hispanosTrail Making Test B

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Gerontología; Psicología Cognitiva

Sus antecedentes:

  • La enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (ADRD) son progresivas y afectan la independencia funcional. Las evaluaciones neuropsicológicas tienen recursos limitados, lo que requiere herramientas sensibles para la detección temprana. Las mujeres y los latinos hispanos (HL) presentan un mayor riesgo de ADRD en comparación con los hombres y los blancos no hispanos (NHW).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar las diferencias étnicas y de sexo en la predicción del deterioro funcional utilizando medidas neuropsicológicas. Identificar pruebas cognitivas sensibles a la detección temprana del deterioro funcional en diversas poblaciones de adultos mayores.

Principales métodos:

  • Se analizaron modelos lineales jerárquicos de datos de 1292 participantes cognitivamente normales o con deterioro leve (NHW y HL). Las pruebas neuropsicológicas basales incluyeron Trail Making Test B (TMTB), fluidez animal y recuerdo de aprendizaje verbal. El deterioro funcional se midió mediante el CDR-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) durante 18-24 meses.

Principales resultados:

  • En personas blancas no hispanas (NHW), TMTB, fluidez animal y aprendizaje verbal predijeron el deterioro funcional; el sexo moderó el efecto de TMTB. En latinos hispanos (HL), solo TMTB predijo el deterioro funcional, con el sexo moderando significativamente la relación. TMTB predijo un mayor deterioro funcional en hombres NHW y hombres HL; las mujeres HL mostraron una función preservada independientemente del rendimiento de TMTB.

Conclusiones:

  • TMTB predice eficazmente el deterioro funcional en NHW y HL, con una asociación más fuerte en hombres. Los hallazgos resaltan la utilidad clínica de TMTB para el cribado del deterioro funcional en diversos grupos de adultos mayores. La predicción diferencial por sexo sugiere la necesidad de evaluaciones cognitivas específicas para cada sexo en las mujeres.