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Hepatitis crónica en caballos con infección persistente por hepacivirus equino
Mason C Jager1, Daniela Luethy2, Samantha Shallop1
1Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Equine veterinary journal
|December 25, 2025
Resumen
La infección persistente por hepacivirus equino (EqHV) puede provocar hepatitis crónica en caballos, mostrando un daño hepático similar al del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en humanos. Se necesita más investigación para confirmar un vínculo causal directo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología Veterinaria
- Enfermedades Infecciosas Equinas
- Virología
Sus antecedentes:
- El hepacivirus equino (EqHV) comparte similitudes con el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) humano.
- Existe información limitada sobre las infecciones persistentes por EqHV y la hepatitis asociada en caballos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Documentar 19 casos de hepatitis crónica e infección persistente por EqHV en caballos.
- Caracterizar los hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos en estos casos.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un diseño de serie de casos mixto retrospectivo y prospectivo.
- Los criterios de inclusión incluyeron hepatitis crónica, viremia persistente por EqHV e histopatología hepática disponible.
- Se excluyeron caballos con VHC eliminado o fallecidos en los seis meses anteriores.
Principales resultados:
- Diecinueve caballos cumplieron los criterios del estudio, con hepatitis documentada y viremia por EqHV de meses de duración.
- Los hallazgos histopatológicos incluyeron fibrosis, infiltrado linfocítico y necrosis hepatocitaria, similares al VHC humano.
- Las comorbilidades comunes incluyeron infección bacteriana, parvovirus equino-hepatitis y fibrosis pulmonar multinodular equina.
Conclusiones:
- La infección persistente por EqHV se asocia con hepatitis crónica e insuficiencia hepática en algunos caballos.
- Las características clínicas e histopatológicas se asemejan a las de la infección crónica por VHC en humanos.
- No se pudo establecer de forma definitiva una relación causal directa entre la viremia por EqHV y la hepatitis a partir de esta serie de casos.
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