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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Eleni Palpatzis1,2,3, Mahnaz Shekari2, Muge Akinci2,3,4

  • 1Global Health Institute Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Una acumulación más rápida de beta-amiloide (Aβ) en las regiones cerebrales implicadas en el procesamiento emocional puede aumentar la vulnerabilidad a los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Esta acumulación acelerada de Aβ está particularmente relacionada con los síntomas de intrusión, lo que sugiere un papel en las dificultades de regulación emocional.

Palabras clave:
beta-amiloideTEPTneuroimagenCOVID-19salud mental

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Sus antecedentes:

  • Los síntomas de salud mental son cada vez más reconocidos como indicadores tempranos de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA).
  • Los fundamentos neurológicos que conectan la patología de la EA con afecciones de salud mental como el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) siguen sin estar claros.
  • Este estudio investiga una hipótesis de vulnerabilidad regional relacionada con la acumulación de beta-amiloide (Aβ) en regiones cerebrales vulnerables a la EA asociadas con el procesamiento emocional.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la asociación entre la tasa de acumulación regional de Aβ en áreas cerebrales específicas y la sintomatología del TEPT después de la pandemia de COVID-19.
  • Probar si la deposición temprana de Aβ en regiones de procesamiento emocional se correlaciona con la gravedad de los síntomas del TEPT.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos de 628 personas cognitivamente sanas del estudio ALFA, evaluando los síntomas de TEPT post-pandemia utilizando la Escala de Impacto de Eventos Revisada (IES-R).
  • 115 participantes se sometieron a dos escáneres PET [18F]flutemetamol durante aproximadamente 3,36 años para medir el cambio (Δ) en la acumulación de Aβ en regiones de interés (ROI) predefinidas.
  • Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal para analizar las asociaciones entre factores demográficos/clínicos y puntuaciones de TEPT, y específicamente entre ΔAβ en ROI y puntuaciones totales/subpuntuaciones de TEPT.

Principales resultados:

  • Las mujeres, las personas con mayor ansiedad pre-pandemia (HADS) y aquellas con antecedentes de enfermedad psiquiátrica informaron mayores síntomas totales de TEPT después de la pandemia.
  • Una acumulación más rápida de Aβ en el giro cingulado posterior se asoció con mayores síntomas totales de TEPT.
  • La acumulación acelerada de Aβ en múltiples ROI (excluyendo un área de control) se correlacionó significativamente con los síntomas de intrusión, pero no con las subpuntuaciones de evitación o hiperactivación.

Conclusiones:

  • Una tasa más rápida de acumulación temprana de Aβ en regiones cerebrales críticas para el procesamiento emocional puede predisponer a las personas a síntomas relacionados con el estrés, particularmente intrusión.
  • Los cambios dinámicos en la patología de Aβ parecen desempeñar un papel en la regulación emocional y la rumiación, contribuyendo a la sintomatología del TEPT.
  • Las mujeres y las personas con afecciones de salud mental preexistentes muestran una mayor vulnerabilidad a estos efectos.