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Desarrollo de Fármacos

Bhaskar Jyoti Dutta1

  • 1NIPER Hajipur, Hajipur, Bihar, India.

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PubMed
Resumen

El pterostilbeno (PTE) revierte el deterioro cognitivo causado por niveles altos de homocisteína (Hcy). Este compuesto natural mejora la memoria, la función mitocondrial y la neurogénesis, ofreciendo potencial para tratar trastornos neurológicos relacionados con la Hcy.

Palabras clave:
PterostilbenoHiperhomocisteinemiaDeterioro cognitivoMemoriaBiogénesis mitocondrialNeurogénesisTrastornos neurológicos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Bioquímica
  • Farmacología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La elevación de homocisteína (Hcy), o hiperhomocisteinemia (HHcy), se relaciona con trastornos neurológicos y deterioro cognitivo.
  • La HHcy altera la metilación y el equilibrio redox, afectando la afluencia de calcio y promoviendo la acumulación de amiloide/tau.
  • El Pterostilbeno (PTE), un compuesto antioxidante y antiinflamatorio, muestra promesa para los déficits neurológicos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar el potencial terapéutico del Pterostilbeno (PTE) en un modelo de rata de deterioro cognitivo inducido por hiperhomocisteinemia (HHcy) (HHcy-Cog).
  • Evaluar los efectos del PTE en la memoria, la biogénesis mitocondrial, la plasticidad sináptica y la neurogénesis en ratas HHcy-Cog.

Principales métodos:

  • Se estableció un modelo de rata de HHcy-Cog mediante la administración de L-metionina.
  • Los animales fueron tratados con diferentes dosis de PTE (30 mg/kg o 60 mg/kg) o vehículo durante 30 días.
  • La función cognitiva se evaluó mediante pruebas conductuales (laberinto de agua de Morris, reconocimiento de objetos novedosos), seguidas de análisis moleculares (histopatología, IHC, Western blot).

Principales resultados:

  • El tratamiento con PTE mejoró significativamente la memoria espacial y de reconocimiento en ratas HHcy-Cog.
  • El PTE mejoró la biogénesis mitocondrial a través de la vía SIRT1/PGC-1α/TFAM y mejoró la plasticidad sináptica (aumento de sinaptofisina y PSD-95).
  • El PTE apoyó la neurogénesis adulta, indicada por un aumento en la expresión de doble cortina en el hipocampo.

Conclusiones:

  • El Pterostilbeno (PTE) alivia eficazmente el deterioro cognitivo inducido por hiperhomocisteinemia.
  • Los efectos terapéuticos del PTE se median por la mejora de la memoria, la función mitocondrial, la plasticidad sináptica y la neurogénesis adulta.
  • El PTE demuestra potencial como agente terapéutico para el deterioro cognitivo asociado con HHcy.