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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Andrew F Zaman1, Pedro R Mena2, Reginald Obiako3

  • 1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio estableció normas de pruebas neuropsicológicas para nigerianos, encontrando que la educación impacta significativamente las puntuaciones cognitivas. Estas puntuaciones ajustadas ayudan en el diagnóstico de trastornos neurocognitivos en poblaciones diversas.

Palabras clave:
normas neuropsicológicasNigeriatrastornos neurocognitivoseducacióndiagnóstico

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Psicología
  • Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • El diagnóstico de trastornos neurocognitivos se basa en pruebas neuropsicológicas normativas.
  • Las normas específicas de la población son cruciales para una clasificación precisa.
  • El estudio aborda la necesidad de medidas neuropsicológicas ajustadas en la población nigeriana.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Establecer ajustes clave para medidas neuropsicológicas comúnmente utilizadas en EE. UU. y África en la población nigeriana.
  • Proporcionar puntuaciones Z ajustadas por edad, sexo, educación y alfabetización para uso clínico.

Principales métodos:

  • Datos de 226 adultos mayores nigerianos sin deterioro cognitivo (estudio READD-ADSP).
  • Los análisis de regresión lineal examinaron los efectos de la edad, el sexo, la educación y la alfabetización en 8 pruebas neuropsicológicas.
  • Las pruebas incluyeron MoCA, Lista de Palabras CERAD, Fluidez Categórica, Fluidez Verbal, MINT, Span de Números, Diseño de Palitos y cribado cognitivo IDEA.

Principales resultados:

  • Nueve de los 12 modelos de regresión fueron significativos, con valores de R² que oscilan entre 0.05 y 0.32.
  • Los años de educación fueron el factor significativo más común que influyó en el rendimiento en múltiples pruebas.
  • La edad, el sexo y la alfabetización también mostraron efectos significativos en medidas cognitivas específicas.

Conclusiones:

  • Este estudio es un paso fundamental en el desarrollo de datos normativos para pruebas neuropsicológicas en Nigeria.
  • La educación surgió como un factor robusto que requiere ajuste en esta población.
  • Los valores de regresión/normativos derivados pueden mejorar la precisión diagnóstica de los trastornos neurocognitivos.