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Obligaciones basadas en la beneficencia y consulta de ética en la muerte asistida
Georg Marckmann1, Anna Hirsch1
1Institute of Ethics, History and Theory of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Bioethics
|December 26, 2025
Resumen
El principio de beneficencia, centrado en el bienestar, ofrece una guía crucial para las decisiones sobre la muerte asistida. Apoya altos estándares de atención, elecciones autónomas y orientación ética para los profesionales de la salud, ayudando en las consultas de ética.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Bioética
- Ética médica
- Filosofía de la medicina
Sus antecedentes:
- La autonomía es central en los debates sobre la muerte asistida, pero las obligaciones de beneficencia también son críticas.
- Los requisitos específicos de la beneficencia para los proveedores de muerte asistida son menos claros.
- Los marcos éticos existentes pueden no abordar completamente los matices de la beneficencia en la muerte asistida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar el papel de las obligaciones basadas en la beneficencia en la regulación del acceso a la muerte asistida.
- Definir las contribuciones específicas de la beneficencia a la toma de decisiones éticas en la muerte asistida.
- Proporcionar orientación para los profesionales de la salud y las consultas de ética con respecto a la muerte asistida.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis filosófico del principio de beneficencia y bienestar.
- Examen de las obligaciones basadas en la autonomía frente a las basadas en la beneficencia.
- Desarrollo de un enfoque basado en principios para la toma de decisiones éticas integradas.
Principales resultados:
- Las obligaciones de beneficencia no pueden funcionar como un guardián para el acceso a la muerte asistida.
- La beneficencia apoya altos estándares de atención, la toma de decisiones autónoma y la orientación ética.
- Estas obligaciones son vitales para la consulta de ética, especialmente en casos de incertidumbre.
Conclusiones:
- Una comprensión elaborada del bienestar mejora la beneficencia en la muerte asistida.
- Las obligaciones basadas en la beneficencia ayudan a equilibrar los deberes éticos contrapuestos en la muerte asistida.
- El enfoque propuesto ofrece orientación para decisiones éticamente sólidas en las solicitudes de muerte asistida.
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