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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Boon Lead Tee1,2,3, YuChen Chuang4, Lung-Tat Chan5

  • 1Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio revela que los pacientes chinos con Afasia Primaria Progresiva (APP), a diferencia de los hablantes de inglés, presentan patrones de dislexia relacionados con el significado de las palabras (léxicos) en lugar de la estructura de las palabras (subléxicos). Estos hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de criterios diagnósticos específicos del lenguaje para la APP.

Palabras clave:
Afasia Primaria ProgresivaDislexiaTrastornos de la lecturaNeuropsicologíaLingüísticaCerebroResonancia MagnéticaPruebas de LenguajePruebas Neuropsicológicas

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurolingüística; Neurología Cognitiva; Psicolingüística

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los criterios de diagnóstico de la afasia primaria progresiva (APP) para la dislexia se basan principalmente en guiones alfabéticos.; Existe una falta de comprensión sobre las manifestaciones de la dislexia en sistemas de escritura logográficos como el chino.; Este estudio investiga los fenotipos de dislexia en pacientes chinos con APP.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar los fenotipos de dislexia en individuos de habla china con afasia primaria progresiva (APP).; Comparar el rendimiento de lectura entre diferentes variantes de APP (semántica, no fluida/agramatical, logopénica) y controles en un contexto chino.; Explorar los correlatos neuronales de los déficits de lectura en la APP.

Principales métodos:

  • Reclutamiento de participantes cognitivamente normales (CN) y con APP que hablan mandarín o cantonés para el estudio de Evaluación del Lenguaje Chino para la Afasia Primaria Progresiva (CLAP).; Administración de una batería neurolingüística que incluye una prueba de lectura de caracteres (250 caracteres de diversos tipos, frecuencias, concreción) y una prueba de lectura de palabras heterónimas.; Morfometría basada en vóxeles para analizar la relación entre el rendimiento de lectura y la estructura cerebral.

Principales resultados:

  • Los participantes con afasia primaria progresiva de variante semántica (APP-sv) mostraron un rendimiento significativamente menor en la lectura de todo tipo de caracteres chinos en comparación con otros grupos.; Los errores de sobrerregularización, indicativos de dislexia de superficie, fueron comunes en todos los grupos, pero no específicos de la APP-sv en la lectura de caracteres.; Tanto la APP-sv como la afasia primaria progresiva de variante logopénica (APP-lv) mostraron una precisión significativamente menor en la lectura de palabras heterónimas, y la APP-sv mostró más errores de sobrerregularización.; Las puntuaciones de lectura de caracteres se correlacionaron con el volumen del lóbulo temporal izquierdo, mientras que la precisión de la lectura de heterónimos se correlacionó con las áreas temporal polar e inferior izquierdas.

Conclusiones:

  • Los fenotipos de dislexia de los pacientes chinos con APP difieren de sus homólogos de habla inglesa, sin diferencias específicas de variante en la lectura subléxica.; Los errores de sobrerregularización específicos de la APP-sv en la APP china ocurren a nivel léxico (heterónimo), no subléxico.; Los criterios de diagnóstico para los síndromes de APP requieren un ajuste lingüístico para tener en cuenta los efectos de la tipología del lenguaje.