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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Anusha Ayyar1, Shivashankar N2, Mathew Varghese3

  • 1Octave Speech Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La demencia afecta la comprensión de oraciones debido a déficits sintácticos y gramaticales. Las limitaciones de recursos cognitivos también pueden contribuir a estos desafíos del lenguaje en personas con demencia.

Palabras clave:
demenciacomprensión de oracionesdéficits sintácticosdéficits gramaticalesprocesamiento del lenguajefactores cognitivos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurolingüística; Neurociencia Cognitiva; Psicolingüística

Sus antecedentes:

  • La comprensión de oraciones se basa en procesos lingüísticos y no lingüísticos.; Los déficits en la comprensión de oraciones y sus causas en la demencia carecen de consenso.; Este estudio investiga la ruptura de la comprensión de oraciones en personas de habla canarés con demencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la naturaleza específica de los déficits de comprensión de oraciones en la demencia.; Explorar las causas subyacentes de estos déficits, incluidos los factores lingüísticos y cognitivos.; Evaluar las habilidades de comprensión de oraciones en personas de habla canarés con varios tipos de demencia.

Principales métodos:

  • Participaron 103 personas con demencia leve/moderada (Alzheimer, Vascular, Frontotemporal) y 64 controles.; Se evaluaron los efectos de la longitud/complejidad de la oración utilizando el Revised Token Test (RTT-Kannada).; Se evaluó el juicio de gramaticalidad con el Linguistic Profile Test (LPT-Kannada) y las habilidades cognitivas a través del Hindi Mental Scale Examination (HMSE).

Principales resultados:

  • Diferencias significativas (p < 0.001) en las puntuaciones RTT y LPT entre los grupos de control y demencia.; El rendimiento disminuyó con el aumento de la longitud/complejidad de la oración (RTT), más pronunciado en demencia moderada.; Los déficits fueron más pronunciados en cláusulas condicionales y construcciones participiales (LPT).; Se encontró una fuerte correlación positiva entre las puntuaciones cognitivas (HMSE) y el procesamiento sintáctico (LPT, RTT).

Conclusiones:

  • La demencia se asocia con déficits significativos en el procesamiento sintáctico y gramatical.; La incompetencia gramatical puede indicar déficits lingüísticos, mientras que las estructuras complejas agotan la memoria de trabajo.; Los déficits de recursos cognitivos son una causa subyacente potencial de los déficits de comprensión sintáctica en la demencia.