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Desarrollo de Fármacos

Mohammed U Al-Youzbaki1, Salonee V Patel1, Ashley L Schormans1

  • 1Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El modelado de la toma de decisiones reveló cambios tempranos en la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) en un modelo preclínico de ratas. Este enfoque identificó alteraciones cognitivas específicas del genotipo y del sexo que no se observaron en las pruebas estándar, lo que ayudó al descubrimiento de biomarcadores.

Palabras clave:
modelado de la toma de decisionesenfermedad de Alzheimerbiomarcadoresratasneurocienciapsiquiatría computacional

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Psiquiatría Computacional; Modelos Animales de Enfermedad

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los estudios clínicos demuestran la utilidad de los modelos matemáticos de toma de decisiones para identificar biomarcadores conductuales en la demencia. La investigación preclínica es esencial para comprender las enfermedades neurodegenerativas en etapa temprana, como la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Integrar el modelado de la toma de decisiones en el análisis conductual de un modelo de rata prodrómico de EA. Descubrir efectos conductuales específicos del genotipo y del sexo que no son aparentes a través de las evaluaciones de rendimiento estándar.

Principales métodos:

  • Ratas Fischer 344 (TgAPP) machos y hembras, de tipo salvaje y transgénicas, realizaron una tarea de discriminación visual. Se analizaron los tiempos de reacción utilizando una función ExGauss para evaluar la variabilidad. Los procesos de toma de decisiones se modelaron utilizando un modelo de difusión de deriva (DDM) para cuantificar la acumulación de evidencia, los umbrales de decisión y el tiempo de no decisión.

Principales resultados:

  • Las ratas transgénicas APP (TgAPP) exhibieron menor precisión y tiempos de reacción más lentos en comparación con los controles de tipo salvaje, y las hembras mostraron una mayor variabilidad en los tiempos. El análisis DDM reveló una acumulación de evidencia más lenta tanto en ratas TgAPP machos como hembras. Las ratas TgAPP hembras mostraron umbrales de decisión más altos y tiempos de no decisión aumentados, lo que indica una mayor cautela en la respuesta y un procesamiento alterado.

Conclusiones:

  • El modelado de difusión de deriva identifica eficazmente los cambios en la función cognitiva en un modelo de rata de EA prodrómica, superando las métricas estándar. La combinación del modelado computacional con otros biomarcadores puede mejorar la comprensión de la EA temprana y la traslación de la investigación preclínica.