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¿Existe la alianza terapéutica en entornos hospitalarios basados en equipos? Un estudio cualitativo en atención
Jon Hunter1, Mary Zheng2, Lianne Jeffs3
1Department of Psychiatry, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
General hospital psychiatry
|December 27, 2025
Resumen
La alianza terapéutica, una medida clave de la relación paciente-proveedor, se valida en la atención hospitalaria compleja. Los pacientes priorizan las relaciones individuales con los médicos sobre las conexiones basadas en equipos, lo que confirma la relevancia de la alianza en entornos de equipo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Entrega de atención médica
- Experiencia del paciente
- Psicología clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- La alianza terapéutica predice los resultados de atención médica en salud mental y medicina general.
- Falta la validación de la alianza terapéutica en entornos hospitalarios basados en equipos, como la Atención Continua Compleja (ACC).
- Los entornos de ACC implican estancias prolongadas y equipos grandes, lo que resalta la importancia de las relaciones paciente-proveedor.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las experiencias de los pacientes sobre las relaciones terapéuticas en la ACC.
- Determinar si los pacientes perciben la atención basada en equipos como relaciones individuales o una conexión difusa con el equipo.
- Evaluar la aplicabilidad de medir la alianza terapéutica en entornos de ACC basados en equipos.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio cualitativo que involucró entrevistas semiestructuradas con 16 pacientes de ACC.
- Las entrevistas se transcribieron y analizaron utilizando análisis cualitativo.
- Exploración de las percepciones de los pacientes sobre las relaciones dentro de un entorno de equipo multidisciplinario.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes enfatizaron predominantemente las relaciones uno a uno con los proveedores de atención médica.
- Se puso poco énfasis en las relaciones difusas o basadas en equipos en su experiencia de atención.
- La centralidad de las relaciones individuales entre pacientes y médicos fue primordial a pesar de la atención compleja y brindada en equipo.
Conclusiones:
- La alianza terapéutica es válida y medible en entornos de atención médica basados en equipos.
- Las relaciones individuales entre pacientes y proveedores son determinantes críticos de la experiencia de atención en la ACC.
- Este estudio proporciona la primera evidencia cualitativa de la alianza terapéutica en la atención compleja basada en equipos.
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