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CoNi-C de alta concentración en la interfaz para una evolución de hidrógeno alcalina eficiente

Daoui Wang1, Shuo Wang1, Weihao Liao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-, Beijing 102249, China.

Journal of colloid and interface science
|December 27, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio presenta un nuevo electrodo de aleación de cobalto-níquel-carbono para reacciones eficientes de evolución de hidrógeno alcalino (HER). El nuevo diseño maximiza la concentración de la interfaz, impulsando la producción de hidrógeno y ofreciendo una estabilidad excepcional en electrolizadores de agua.

Palabras clave:
evolución de hidrógeno alcalinainterfaz CoNi-Cconcentracióntamaño del precursor

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de Materiales
  • Electroquímica
  • Catálisis

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las reacciones eficientes de evolución de hidrógeno (HER) son cruciales para las tecnologías de energía sostenible.
  • Las interfaces convencionales de metal-carbono a menudo exhiben bajas concentraciones, lo que limita la actividad catalítica.
  • El desarrollo de estrategias para aumentar la densidad de la interfaz es clave para mejorar el rendimiento de la HER.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Diseñar un electrodo autosoportado con una interfaz de aleación de cobalto-níquel-carbono altamente concentrada.
  • Investigar el efecto de la ingeniería del tamaño del precursor en la dispersión del metal y la densidad de la interfaz.
  • Evaluar el rendimiento y la estabilidad de la HER del electrodo desarrollado en medios alcalinos y en electrolizadores de agua con membrana de intercambio aniónico (AEMWE).

Principales métodos:

  • Electrodeposición de ZIF-67 con Ni(NO3)2 y ácido trimésico para sintetizar precursores sintonizables que contienen Co, Ni (Co$_{x}$Ni-BTC).
  • Pirólisis de precursores para formar el electrodo Co$_{x}$Ni-C/NF con concentración de interfaz controlada.
  • Caracterización electroquímica del rendimiento de la HER (sobrepotencial, pendiente de Tafel) y pruebas de estabilidad a largo plazo.
  • Cálculos de Teoría de Funcionales de Densidad (DFT) para dilucidar el mecanismo de la HER mejorada.

Principales resultados:

  • Se logró una interfaz de cobalto-níquel-carbono altamente concentrada (hasta 4%) en espuma de níquel (Co$_{x}$Ni-C/NF) a través de la ingeniería del tamaño del precursor.
  • El electrodo Co$_{50}$Ni-C/NF demostró un excelente rendimiento de HER en 1 M KOH: bajo sobrepotencial (30 mV cm$^{-2}$ a 10 mA cm$^{-2}$), pendiente de Tafel (45.1 mV dec$^{-1}$) y estabilidad de 72 horas.
  • En un AEMWE, el sistema Co$_{50}$Ni-C/NF||RuO$_{2}$/NF alcanzó 0.5 A cm$^{-2}$ a 1.93 V y mantuvo la estabilidad durante 100 horas a 0.2 A cm$^{-2}$.

Conclusiones:

  • El electrodo CoNi-C/NF desarrollado con una interfaz de alta concentración mejora significativamente el rendimiento y la durabilidad de la HER alcalina.
  • La ingeniería del tamaño del precursor es una estrategia eficaz para controlar la dispersión del metal y la densidad de la interfaz en catalizadores.
  • Los cálculos de DFT confirman que la interfaz densa mejora la conductividad, la adsorción de agua y la cinética de evolución de hidrógeno, ofreciendo una ruta prometedora para electrodos de HER avanzados.