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Reflexometría acústica en el diagnóstico de barotrauma acústico

A N Chechko¹, V N Krasnozhen²

¹Military 426 Hospital, Samara, Russia.

Vestnik otorinolaringologii

|December 28, 2025

Resumen

La reflexometría acústica puede ayudar a diagnosticar el barotrauma ótico en zonas de combate. La ausencia de reflejos acústicos dentro de los tres días posteriores a la lesión indica barotrauma acústico, lo que ayuda a confirmar la etiología de mina-explosión.

Área de la Ciencia:

Otorrinolaringología
Medicina de Combate
Audiología

Sus antecedentes:

El barotrauma acústico, o barotrauma ótico, es una lesión común en zonas de combate.
Los métodos de diagnóstico precisos y objetivos son cruciales para un tratamiento oportuno.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar signos objetivos de barotrauma acústico mediante reflexometría acústica.
Optimizar el proceso de diagnóstico del barotrauma ótico.

Principales métodos:

Estudio prospectivo en una zona de combate que involucra a pacientes con barotrauma acústico unilateral.
Los diagnósticos instrumentales incluyeron otoscopia digital, audiometría e impedanciometría acústica con pruebas de reflejo acústico.

Principales resultados:

Se encontró una correlación moderada y estadísticamente significativa entre la ausencia de reflejos acústicos y el momento del barotrauma acústico.
La ausencia de reflejos se observó en el lado lesionado dentro de los tres días y en el lado contralateral dentro de un día después de la lesión.

Conclusiones:

La reflexometría acústica es una herramienta valiosa para diagnosticar el trauma ótico unilateral.
Este método puede ayudar a confirmar la etiología de mina-explosión en el daño del órgano auditivo.

Palabras clave:

impedanciometría acústica reflejo acústico barotrauma acústico lesión por explosión

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