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Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
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Depression: Overview

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

Accessory Structures of the Eye

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

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Depresión entre los residentes entrantes de oftalmología

Karthik Reddy¹, Jaqueline Stoutin², Zhuo Zhao³

¹University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Journal of surgical education

|December 28, 2025

Resumen

Las tasas de depresión aumentan significativamente durante las prácticas de oftalmología, persistiendo durante todo el año. Casi una cuarta parte de los residentes experimentaron depresión antes de comenzar el segundo año de posgrado, lo que resalta la necesidad de apoyo para la salud mental.

Palabras clave:

agotamiento depresión oftalmología formación en oftalmología formación de residencia salud mental de los residentes

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Área de la Ciencia:

Educación Médica; Salud Mental; Oftalmología

Sus antecedentes:

Las prácticas de internado impactan significativamente la salud mental de los residentes, y la depresión de nueva aparición persiste después de la formación.; La depresión durante la residencia afecta la satisfacción profesional, la deserción y el bienestar del médico.; La formación en oftalmología se asocia con factores estresantes únicos que afectan la salud mental de los residentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las tasas de depresión entre los internos de oftalmología.; Examinar la relación entre los factores relacionados con el trabajo y la depresión en los internos.; Evaluar la persistencia de los síntomas depresivos durante el año de prácticas.

Principales métodos:

Estudio de cohortes prospectivo, multicéntrico.; Evaluaciones longitudinales de 98 internos de oftalmología utilizando el Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).; Datos recopilados antes de las prácticas y a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses, analizando las horas de trabajo y de sueño.

Principales resultados:

El 32,7% de los internos experimentaron depresión mayor durante sus prácticas.; Los síntomas depresivos aumentaron significativamente desde antes de las prácticas hasta el final del año de prácticas.; El aumento de las horas de sueño se asoció significativamente con la disminución de las puntuaciones de depresión (p < 0,001).

Conclusiones:

Los síntomas depresivos aumentan y persisten durante el año de prácticas de oftalmología.; Casi el 25% de los residentes informaron depresión antes de comenzar el segundo año de posgrado.; Se necesitan intervenciones urgentes para abordar la salud mental de los residentes de oftalmología en etapas tempranas.