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Sífilis secundaria: una presentación nodular con inflamación granulomatosa: un reporte de caso
Maryam Ghaleb1, Ouiame El Jouari1, Kaoutar Benchekroun1
1Dermatology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Route de Rabat Km 17 BP 398, Gzinaya, Tangier, Morocco.
Oxford medical case reports
|December 29, 2025
Resumen
Este reporte de caso detalla una rara presentación granulomatosa de sífilis secundaria en una mujer joven. El reconocimiento temprano de síntomas atípicos de sífilis es crucial para un diagnóstico oportuno y un tratamiento eficaz con penicilina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades Infecciosas; Dermatología; Patología
Sus antecedentes:
- La sífilis, causada por *Treponema pallidum*, es una enfermedad infecciosa emergente con diversas presentaciones clínicas.
- La sífilis secundaria es conocida como 'el gran imitador' debido a sus diversos síntomas sistémicos y lesiones cutáneas.
- La inflamación granulomatosa es un hallazgo histológico infrecuente en la sífilis secundaria, que típicamente presenta infiltrados ricos en células plasmáticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Reportar un caso de sífilis secundaria nodular con presentación de inflamación granulomatosa.
- Enfatizar la importancia de considerar presentaciones atípicas de sífilis en el diagnóstico diferencial.
- Destacar las implicaciones diagnósticas y terapéuticas de la sífilis granulomatosa.
Principales métodos:
- Reporte de caso de una mujer de 22 años con nódulos eritematosos faciales.
- Confirmación diagnóstica mediante histopatología y pruebas serológicas para sífilis.
- Tratamiento con penicilina G benzatínica.
Principales resultados:
- La paciente presentó nódulos eritematosos persistentes, inicialmente mal diagnosticados y tratados con corticosteroides.
- La histopatología reveló inflamación granulomatosa, un hallazgo atípico para la sífilis secundaria.
- El diagnóstico se confirmó serológicamente y el tratamiento con penicilina G benzatínica resultó en la resolución completa de las lesiones.
Conclusiones:
- Las presentaciones atípicas de sífilis secundaria, incluidas las formas granulomatosas, deben reconocerse para un diagnóstico preciso.
- Las pruebas serológicas rápidas y el tratamiento adecuado con penicilina G benzatínica son esenciales.
- Este caso subraya los desafíos diagnósticos y el manejo exitoso de manifestaciones sifilíticas raras.
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