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Análisis de los mecanismos de recarga de agua y predicción de la afluencia de agua en minería profunda basada en

Shichong Yuan^1,2,3, Guilei Han^4,5,6, Dajin Liu^4,5,6

¹School of Urban Geology and Engineering, Hebei GEO University, No. 601 Hebei Avenue, Shijiazhuang, 052161, Hebei, China. yuanshichong@hgu.edu.cn.

Scientific reports

|December 29, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio analizó la recarga y afluencia de agua en una mina profunda, identificando fuentes clave y prediciendo futuros desafíos hídricos. Se desarrollaron estrategias de gestión proactivas para garantizar la seguridad minera y prevenir peligros de agua.

Área de la Ciencia:

Hidrogeología minera
Geología de ingeniería
Gestión de recursos hídricos

Sus antecedentes:

Las operaciones de minería profunda enfrentan desafíos significativos por la afluencia de agua y los peligros potenciales.
La predicción precisa de los mecanismos de recarga de agua es crucial para la seguridad minera y la planificación operativa.
La comprensión de las estructuras hidrogeológicas es fundamental para una gestión eficaz del agua en las minas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los mecanismos de recarga de agua y predecir la afluencia de agua en la mina de plomo-zinc de Maoping.
Identificar las fuentes y vías de agua principales que contribuyen a la afluencia de agua en la mina.
Desarrollar estrategias proactivas de gestión de peligros de agua para la minería profunda.

Principales métodos:

Análisis sistemático de las características estructurales hidrogeológicas de la mina.
Desarrollo y aplicación de un modelo numérico tridimensional (FEFLOW) para la predicción de la afluencia de agua.
Análisis de la evolución del campo de flujo profundo bajo la influencia de la minería.

Principales resultados:

Identificó la recarga principal de aguas subterráneas de los acuíferos de fisuras kársticas de roca carbonatada Pérmica y la recarga secundaria de los acuíferos kársticos Carbonífero-Devónico.
Determinó la recarga de precipitación atmosférica a través de fallas importantes (F46, F16, F50) en el anticlinal oriental.
Las simulaciones numéricas mostraron un aumento de la afluencia de agua con la profundidad de la mina y la expansión de los conos de depresión de aguas subterráneas.

Conclusiones:

Caracterizó estructuras hidrogeológicas complejas y vías de agua en un entorno de minería profunda.
Desarrolló cuatro estrategias proactivas de gestión de peligros de agua: tratamiento de fuentes de riesgo, control de infiltración por estrés, monitoreo y drenaje.
Proporcionó un estudio de caso y una referencia para la gestión del agua en minas profundas con condiciones hidrogeológicas complejas.

Palabras clave:

gestión activa de peligros de agua Minería profunda estructura hidrogeológica fuente y vía de agua de mina predicción de afluencia de agua mecanismos de recarga de agua

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