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Fagos virulentos persistentes existen en aislados bacterianos

Peter Erdmann Dougherty1,2, Charles Bernard3, Alexander Byth Carstens1

  • 1Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Nature microbiology
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Contrariamente a las expectativas, se descubrieron genomas de fagos virulentos en ensamblajes bacterianos. Esto sugiere que ocurren infecciones persistentes sin una muerte significativa del huésped, desafiando las clasificaciones tradicionales de fagos.

Palabras clave:
fagos virulentosinfecciones persistentesgenómica bacterianamicrobiologíavirología

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Microbiología
  • Virología
  • Genómica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los fagos virulentos, definidos por su ciclo lítico y la muerte del huésped, no se esperan en los ensamblajes del genoma bacteriano.
  • La dicotomía tradicional clasifica los fagos como virulentos (líticos) o templados (lisogénicos).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la presencia de genomas de fagos virulentos en ensamblajes bacterianos.
  • Desafiar la suposición de que los fagos virulentos no pueden persistir dentro de las poblaciones bacterianas.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de más de 267,000 ensamblajes de genoma de Escherichia coli disponibles públicamente.
  • Análisis bioinformáticos y experimentos de cultivo.

Principales resultados:

  • Identificación de 373 genomas de fagos virulentos dentro de ensamblajes de Escherichia coli.
  • Asociación de estos genomas con taxones fagos específicos, particularmente fagos gigantes como Chimalliviridae.
  • Evidencia que sugiere infecciones persistentes sin una mortalidad sustancial del huésped.
  • Descubrimiento de 285 genomas de fagos relacionados en otros taxones bacterianos.

Conclusiones:

  • Los genomas de fagos virulentos se pueden encontrar en ensamblajes bacterianos, lo que indica estilos de vida no canónicos.
  • La dicotomía virulento-templado puede ser una simplificación excesiva.
  • Es probable que las infecciones persistentes por fagos previamente no caracterizados sean comunes.