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Colonización por Bacteroides fragilis induce IgA sistémica protectora

Joshua R Harris1, Nicole Gubitosi1, Victoria Zoccoli-Rodriguez1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Avenue, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.

Microbiome
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

La colonización intestinal robusta con Bacteroides fragilis (Bf) induce respuestas sistémicas de IgA. Esto requiere las placas de Peyer y protege contra la diseminación bacteriana y la formación de abscesos.

Palabras clave:
Bacteroides fragilisIgA sistémicaplacas de Peyermicrobioma intestinalinfecciones bacterianasmodelos animalescélulas plasmáticasanticuerpos bacterianos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Inmunología; Microbiología; Gastroenterología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las respuestas de IgA sistémica son cruciales para la prevención de enfermedades. Bacteroides fragilis (Bf) es un inductor conocido de IgA mucosal, pero los inductores sistémicos son menos conocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar los mecanismos de inducción de IgA sistémica por bacterias comensales. Determinar el papel de la colonización intestinal y los factores del huésped en las respuestas de IgA sistémica.

Principales métodos:

  • Inducción de colonización intestinal con Bf en ratones. Evaluación de los niveles de IgA sérica específicos contra Bf. Análisis de las respuestas de IgA en ratones sin placas de Peyer o placas cecales. Evaluación de la protección contra la diseminación bacteriana en un modelo de perforación intestinal.

Principales resultados:

  • La colonización intestinal robusta con Bf es necesaria para obtener altos niveles de IgA sérica específica contra Bf. Las placas de Peyer, pero no las placas cecales, son críticas para las respuestas de IgA específicas contra Bf. La colonización con Bf indujo cambios mínimos en el perfil transcripcional del intestino del huésped. Los altos niveles de IgA sérica específica contra Bf protegieron contra la formación de abscesos en un modelo de diseminación bacteriana.

Conclusiones:

  • La colonización bacteriana y la interacción con las placas de Peyer son críticas para inducir respuestas de IgA sistémica. La IgA sérica alta específica contra Bf confiere protección contra la diseminación bacteriana y la formación de abscesos.