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Análisis de redes a nivel de subcomunidad revela dinámicas microbianas distintas en sedimentos litorales de lagos
Vincent Tardy1,2,3, Emilie Lyautey4,5, Victor Frossard4,5
1Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-Les-Bains, 74200, France. vpm.tardy@gmail.com.
BMC microbiology
|December 30, 2025
Resumen
Las comunidades microbianas en los sedimentos lacustres están impulsadas por procesos estocásticos a nivel de comunidad, pero los factores deterministas se vuelven más influyentes a escalas más finas (módulos). Comprender estas diferentes escalas revela dinámicas ecológicas ocultas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología; Microbiología; Ciencias Ambientales
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sedimentos litorales de los lagos albergan comunidades microbianas diversas con funciones ecológicas dinámicas.
- La dinámica temporal de estas comunidades microbianas está poco estudiada.
- Esta investigación se centra en los cambios temporales de alta resolución en los microbiomas de sedimentos superficiales del lago Bourget.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los cambios temporales en las comunidades microbianas de sedimentos lacustres.
- Determinar la influencia de los procesos deterministas y estocásticos en la dinámica microbiana a diferentes escalas organizativas.
- Probar si el análisis de subcomunidades (módulos) revela impulsores ecológicos enmascarados a nivel de toda la comunidad.
Principales métodos:
- Muestreo de alta resolución de sedimentos litorales de lagos durante cinco meses.
- Análisis de la composición de la comunidad microbiana utilizando métricas de β-diversidad.
- Análisis de redes de coocurrencia y agrupación basada en redes para identificar módulos microbianos.
- Análisis de modelos nulos y partición de varianza para evaluar los roles de los procesos estocásticos y deterministas.
Principales resultados:
- Los procesos estocásticos predominaron a nivel de toda la comunidad, y las variables ambientales explicaron solo el 17% de la variación temporal.
- Se identificaron seis módulos microbianos distintos a través del análisis de redes.
- Las variables ambientales explicaron una mayor fracción de la variación temporal a escala de módulo (hasta 51%), lo que indica influencias deterministas más fuertes, como el filtrado ambiental.
Conclusiones:
- El análisis de las comunidades microbianas en múltiples escalas organizativas proporciona una visión más profunda de la dinámica temporal.
- El análisis a escala fina (módulos de red) revela patrones y impulsores ecológicos oscurecidos a nivel de comunidad más amplia.
- Este enfoque multiescala mejora la comprensión del equilibrio entre las fuerzas estocásticas y deterministas en los microbiomas de sedimentos.
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