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De la Herramienta al Coaprendiz: Explorando la Participación de los Estudiantes con GenAI a través de la Lente del
Evaluation review
|December 30, 2025
Resumen
Los estudiantes interactúan con la IA generativa (GenAI) de manera diferente según su rendimiento. Los estudiantes con mejores resultados tratan a GenAI como un socio, mientras que los estudiantes con peores resultados muestran un compromiso menos crítico, lo que destaca la necesidad de una educación adaptada a la alfabetización en IA.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Tecnología Educativa
- Inteligencia Artificial en la Educación
- Interacción Humano-Computadora
Sus antecedentes:
- Los estudiantes utilizan cada vez más las herramientas de IA generativa (GenAI) en entornos académicos.
- Comprender la participación de los estudiantes con GenAI es crucial para una pedagogía eficaz.
- Las teorías existentes como el Constructivismo Social necesitan adaptación para la co-agencia humano-IA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la participación de los estudiantes con GenAI en una evaluación de análisis de datos empresariales.
- Explorar la relación entre el rendimiento estudiantil y sus patrones de interacción con GenAI.
- Identificar temas clave en las reflexiones de los estudiantes sobre el uso de GenAI para el aprendizaje.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis temático de 258 reflexiones de estudiantes sobre el uso de GenAI.
- Triangulación de datos cualitativos con métricas de rendimiento académico.
- Aplicación de la Teoría del Constructivismo Social y el modelo de co-agencia humano-IA.
Principales resultados:
- Emergieron cuatro temas clave: creencias epistémicas, compromiso cognitivo, aprendizaje metacognitivo y co-agencia humano-GenAI.
- Los estudiantes con mejor rendimiento exhibieron evaluación crítica, refinamiento iterativo y conciencia ética con GenAI.
- Los estudiantes con peor rendimiento mostraron creencias polarizadas, reflexión limitada y aceptación/rechazo prematuro de los resultados de la IA.
Conclusiones:
- La reflexión guiada y la ingeniería de indicaciones son vitales para desarrollar las habilidades analíticas y de evaluación de los estudiantes con GenAI.
- GenAI debe verse como un coaprendiz, extendiendo el Constructivismo Social a las interacciones humano-IA.
- Los diseños pedagógicos deben fomentar la alfabetización en IA, abordar la brecha digital y promover el uso ético de GenAI en la educación superior.
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