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Violencia sexual entre estudiantes de secundaria en EE. UU.: diferencias por identidad sexual, 2023
R Andrew Yockey1, Dale E Mantey2, Rachel Hoopsick3
1Department of Public Health, School of Applied Sciences, Oxford, Mississippi.
Resumen
Los jóvenes lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y queer (LGBQ+) enfrentan mayores riesgos de violencia sexual en comparación con sus pares heterosexuales. Esta disparidad es particularmente pronunciada entre los hombres, lo que pone de relieve una preocupación crítica de salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Sociología
- Criminología
Sus antecedentes:
- La violencia sexual es un problema importante de salud pública que afecta a los jóvenes en EE. UU.
- Los jóvenes lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y otras minorías sexuales (LGBQ+) experimentan tasas desproporcionadamente altas de victimización sexual.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar la asociación entre la identidad sexual y la victimización sexual entre los estudiantes de secundaria de EE. UU.
- Analizar tres medidas de victimización sexual: relación sexual forzada en la vida, cualquier violencia sexual en los últimos 12 meses y violencia sexual en citas en los últimos 12 meses.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de 16.730 estudiantes de secundaria de EE. UU. del Sistema de Vigilancia de Comportamientos de Riesgo en Jóvenes de 2023.
- Se emplearon regresiones logísticas multivariables para comparar las tasas de victimización sexual entre diferentes identidades sexuales (heterosexual, gay/lesbiana, bisexual, en cuestionamiento, otra).
- Se realizaron análisis estratificados por sexo para identificar posibles diferencias en el riesgo.
Principales resultados:
- Los jóvenes LGBQ+ informaron probabilidades significativamente mayores de experimentar violencia sexual en todas las medidas en comparación con los jóvenes heterosexuales.
- Los jóvenes bisexuales, en cuestionamiento y otras minorías sexuales mostraron mayores probabilidades de violencia sexual en los últimos 12 meses y violencia sexual en citas.
- Las disparidades en la violencia sexual fueron sustancialmente mayores entre los estudiantes varones en comparación con las estudiantes, lo que indica una modificación significativa basada en el sexo.
Conclusiones:
- Los jóvenes LGBQ+ tienen un riesgo significativamente mayor de sufrir violencia sexual en comparación con sus homólogos heterosexuales.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de estrategias específicas de prevención e intervención para abordar la violencia sexual entre los jóvenes LGBQ+.
- Las disparidades específicas del sexo en el riesgo de violencia sexual justifican una mayor investigación y sistemas de apoyo adaptados.
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