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Describiendo la Deuda Coercitiva Creada en Matrimonios Abusivos
Adrienne E Adams1, Angela Littwin2, Angie C Kennedy1
1Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|December 30, 2025
Resumen
La deuda coercitiva, una forma de violencia de pareja íntima, es un abuso financiero significativo donde las parejas incurren en deudas a nombre de las víctimas. Este estudio encontró que
Área de la Ciencia:
- Sociología; Criminología; Economía
Sus antecedentes:
- La deuda coercitiva, una faceta de la violencia de pareja íntima (VPI), implica que las parejas abusivas incurran fraudulentamente o coercitivamente en deudas a nombre de sus víctimas.
- Esta forma de abuso financiero, poco estudiada, tiene importantes repercusiones económicas y personales para las supervivientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los tipos de cuentas de crédito y transacciones utilizadas para crear deuda coercitiva.
- Cuantificar el alcance financiero y la naturaleza de las compras realizadas con deuda coercitiva.
- Identificar las razones que los perpetradores dieron para coaccionar a sus parejas a abrir cuentas.
Principales métodos:
- Datos cuantitativos y cualitativos recopilados de 187 mujeres recientemente divorciadas de maridos abusivos.
- Se utilizaron encuestas en línea y entrevistas telefónicas para la recopilación de datos.
- Se emplearon estadísticas descriptivas y análisis temático inductivo para el análisis de datos.
Principales resultados:
- La deuda coercitiva es prevalente y financieramente dañina, afectando a 116 participantes con un promedio de 4.4 deudas cada una, por un total de más de $12.5 millones.
- Las cuentas comunes incluían tarjetas de crédito, préstamos de vehículos, hipotecas, préstamos personales y préstamos estudiantiles, siendo las transacciones coercitivas más frecuentes que las fraudulentas.
- Las deudas financiaron necesidades básicas, compras de estilo de vida, transporte, intereses del perpetrador y necesidades familiares; los perpetradores citaron la 'adecuación de los recursos personales' como la razón principal.
Conclusiones:
- La deuda coercitiva presenta escenarios de abuso financiero diversos y costosos dentro de la violencia de pareja íntima.
- Se necesita más investigación sobre el impacto de la deuda coercitiva y las intervenciones efectivas, incluidas las herramientas de detección y las medidas legales.
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