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Conceptualización y Medición de la Congelación Ansiosa
Maya A Marder1, Corey Richier1, Gregory A Miller1,2
1University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Assessment
|December 30, 2025
Resumen
El comportamiento pasivo de congelación, una respuesta innata a la amenaza, implica aspectos físicos y psicológicos. Una nueva investigación presenta el Cuestionario de Congelación Ansiosa (AFQ) para medir estas dimensiones y su vínculo con el trauma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Psicología Clínica
- Investigación sobre la Ansiedad
Sus antecedentes:
- El comportamiento pasivo de congelación es una respuesta innata a la amenaza, a menudo estudiada por sus manifestaciones físicas como la inmovilidad tónica.
- Los aspectos psicológicos, incluida la congelación cognitiva y la evaluación de amenazas, son menos comprendidos pero significativos.
- La investigación existente carece de una medida integral para la naturaleza multifacética de las respuestas de congelación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las dimensiones del comportamiento de congelación, los contextos que lo provocan y su relación con los síntomas internalizantes y el trauma.
- Desarrollar y validar el Cuestionario de Congelación Ansiosa (AFQ) para medir las diferencias individuales en la congelación.
- Investigar la asociación entre experiencias traumáticas y congelación ansiosa.
Principales métodos:
- Se desarrolló el Cuestionario de Congelación Ansiosa (AFQ) a través de las mejores prácticas de desarrollo de escalas.
- Se utilizaron muestras universitarias (N = 653, 447, 590) para la validación de la escala.
- Se examinaron la fiabilidad, la validez y las correlaciones con otras escalas de ansiedad.
Principales resultados:
- Una solución de tres factores surgió: congelación física, congelación cognitiva y evaluación de amenazas, demostrando buena fiabilidad y validez.
- Los episodios de congelación se asociaron significativamente con contextos sociales de evaluación y de rendimiento.
- Los eventos traumáticos previos se correlacionaron fuertemente con niveles más altos de congelación ansiosa en todos los factores medidos.
Conclusiones:
- El AFQ es un instrumento prometedor para identificar diferencias individuales en los perfiles de congelación relacionados con la ansiedad.
- El estudio destaca la importancia de considerar los síntomas dimensionales y varios contextos de la vida real en el comportamiento de congelación.
- Los hallazgos subrayan el vínculo significativo entre el trauma pasado y las respuestas de congelación ansiosa intensificadas.
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