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Mejora de la alfabetización sanitaria entre las mujeres inmigrantes

Amy Barton¹, Janet R Katz², Carolina Huerta³

¹University of Colorado, College of Nursing, Aurora, CO.

Nursing outlook

|December 30, 2025

Resumen

Las mujeres inmigrantes se enfrentan a importantes desafíos en materia de alfabetización sanitaria. La mejora de su acceso a la atención y de sus resultados de salud requiere abordar tanto la alfabetización sanitaria (AS) personal como la organizacional.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Pública
Investigación en Alfabetización Sanitaria
Ciencia de la Enfermería

Sus antecedentes:

Las mujeres inmigrantes (MI) se enfrentan a importantes demandas de alfabetización sanitaria (AS) para acceder y comprender la información de salud y navegar por los sistemas de atención sanitaria.
Tanto la AS individual como la organizacional son fundamentales para el acceso de las MI a la atención sanitaria, la calidad de la atención y los resultados generales de salud.
Los factores socioambientales y la información sanitaria adaptada influyen significativamente en la AS de las MI.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar los problemas de salud clave que afectan a las mujeres inmigrantes.
Definir y delimitar las dimensiones de la alfabetización sanitaria.
Presentar un modelo para comprender los determinantes e impactos de la AS y proponer intervenciones de enfermería basadas en la evidencia.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura para identificar los problemas de salud de las MI y las dimensiones de la AS.
Desarrollo de un modelo conceptual para ilustrar los impulsores y resultados de la AS.
Síntesis de estrategias de enfermería basadas en la evidencia para promover la AS.

Principales resultados:

Se identificaron problemas de salud específicos de las mujeres inmigrantes (MI).
Se establecieron definiciones y dimensiones integrales de la AS.
Se presentó un modelo que ilustra los factores que influyen en la AS y sus consecuencias.
Se describieron enfoques de enfermería basados en la evidencia para mejorar la AS.

Conclusiones:

La mejora de la alfabetización sanitaria es crucial para mejorar el acceso a la atención sanitaria y los resultados de las mujeres inmigrantes.
Las intervenciones de enfermería centradas en la promoción de la AS personal y organizacional son esenciales.
Estas estrategias se alinean con las prioridades nacionales de enfermería para mejorar la salud comunitaria y la accesibilidad de la atención sanitaria.

Palabras clave:

Cultura Equidad en salud Alfabetización sanitaria Mujeres inmigrantes Idioma Determinantes sociales de la salud

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