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Cloruro de (sustituido-quinolina-1-il) metilbencilamonio: Proceso de reacción de cuaternización, comportamiento de
Jianing Tian1, Roman Zinatullin2, Jianhua Qian1
1School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 31, 2025
Resumen
Se sintetizaron tres nuevas sales de amonio cuaternario a base de quinolina que mostraron una excelente inhibición de la corrosión en entornos ácidos. El derivado de metoxi logró una eficiencia del 96,92 %, lo que resalta su potencial para la protección de metales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de Materiales; Electroquímica; Química Orgánica
Sus antecedentes:
- La corrosión de metales en ambientes ácidos presenta importantes desafíos industriales.
- El desarrollo de inhibidores de corrosión eficaces es crucial para la protección de activos y la eficiencia operativa.
- Las sales de amonio cuaternario (QAS) son candidatas prometedoras debido a sus estructuras sintonizables y actividad superficial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Sintetizar nuevas sales de amonio cuaternario a base de quinolina.
- Evaluar su rendimiento de inhibición de la corrosión en medios ácidos.
- Elucidar la relación estructura-actividad que rige su eficiencia de inhibición.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de tres QAS utilizando quinolina, 8-hidroxiquinolina y 8-metoxiquinolina con cloruro de bencilo.
- Evaluación electroquímica de la eficiencia de inhibición de la corrosión.
- Análisis cuantitativo de la facilitación de la reacción y la adsorción.
- Simulaciones de dinámica molecular para estudiar la orientación de la adsorción.
Principales resultados:
- Se sintetizaron con éxito tres QAS a base de quinolina.
- Todas las QAS sintetizadas demostraron una excelente inhibición de la corrosión en ambientes ácidos.
- La QAS sustituida con metoxi logró la mayor eficiencia de inhibición del 96,92 %.
- Los grupos metoxi e hidroxilo mejoraron la cuaternización y la adsorción en la superficie del metal.
- La dinámica molecular confirmó la adsorción paralela de los inhibidores en la superficie del metal.
Conclusiones:
- Las QAS a base de quinolina son inhibidores eficaces de la corrosión en medios ácidos.
- Los sustituyentes metoxi e hidroxilo mejoran significativamente el rendimiento de la inhibición de la corrosión.
- El estudio proporciona información valiosa para el diseño de inhibidores de corrosión basados en QAS.
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