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Evaluación de la Reprogramación Endocrina Pancreática en Gatos Diabéticos
Lune D Geurts1, Alice Zanon2, Eylem E Akyurek3
1AniCura Dierenkliniek Rijngeest, President Kennedylaan 260, 2343 GX Oegstgeest, The Netherlands.
Veterinary sciences
|December 31, 2025
Resumen
Los gatos diabéticos muestran marcadores celulares pancreáticos alterados, lo que sugiere que puede ocurrir una reprogramación celular. Específicamente, el aumento de la expresión de PAX4 indica posibles cambios o formación de células beta, y las células mixtas de insulina/glucagón sugieren una transformación de células alfa a beta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología
- Biología Celular
- Patología Comparada
Sus antecedentes:
- Los factores de transcripción como PAX4 y ARX son cruciales para el desarrollo y la reprogramación de las células de los islotes pancreáticos en mamíferos.
- La diabetes mellitus felina comparte similitudes con la diabetes tipo 2 humana, sin embargo, los roles de PAX4 y ARX en gatos diabéticos no han sido investigados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los gatos diabéticos presentan un número incrementado de células pancreáticas que expresan marcadores de desarrollo (PAX4, ARX) asociados con la especificación de las células beta y alfa.
- Explorar el potencial de reprogramación celular dentro del páncreas de gatos diabéticos.
Principales métodos:
- Se recolectaron muestras de tejido pancreático de 9 gatos diabéticos y 9 gatos de control emparejados por edad y sexo.
- Se utilizó inmunohistoquímica para marcar células para insulina, glucagón, PAX4 y ARX.
- Se compararon los recuentos de células positivas únicas y dobles entre los grupos diabético y de control.
Principales resultados:
- Los gatos diabéticos tuvieron significativamente menos células positivas a la insulina en los islotes y el páncreas exocrino en comparación con los controles.
- Los recuentos de células positivas a glucagón fueron similares entre los grupos.
- Los gatos diabéticos mostraron un aumento en los recuentos de células positivas a insulina/glucagón, células positivas a PAX4 y células positivas a PAX4/insulina dentro de los islotes.
Conclusiones:
- La expresión elevada de PAX4 en los islotes de gatos diabéticos sugiere una reversión de las células beta a una etapa de diferenciación anterior o la generación de nuevas células beta.
- El aumento de células positivas a insulina/glucagón puede indicar una reprogramación celular bidireccional entre células alfa y beta.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan la hipótesis de que la reprogramación celular es un mecanismo potencial en la diabetes mellitus felina, particularmente dentro de los islotes pancreáticos.
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