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Satisfacción de las mujeres con la experiencia de parto según el color de piel: un estudio transversal
Amanda Dantas-Silva1, Silvia Maria Santiago2, Bruna Luiza Braga Pantoja1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)
|December 31, 2025
Resumen
Las mujeres negras informaron una menor satisfacción con su experiencia de parto en comparación con las mujeres no negras. Abordar las disparidades raciales es crucial para mejorar la atención y la satisfacción materna.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Obstetricia y Ginecología; Investigación de Servicios de Salud; Disparidades en Salud
Sus antecedentes:
- Las disparidades raciales y el racismo están relacionados con resultados adversos para la salud materna.
- La satisfacción de las mujeres con el parto está influenciada por las preferencias personales y las creencias culturales.
- Una experiencia de parto positiva es vital para mejorar la calidad de la atención médica y promover la salud materna.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar y comparar los niveles de satisfacción con el parto entre mujeres negras y no negras.
- Identificar aspectos específicos de la experiencia de trabajo de parto y parto que contribuyen a las diferencias de satisfacción según el color de piel.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio transversal con 300 mujeres posparto en un hospital terciario.
- Se utilizó la Escala de Satisfacción Mackey para evaluar la satisfacción con el parto.
- Se compararon las puntuaciones de satisfacción entre mujeres negras y no negras mediante análisis estadísticos, incluidas las pruebas chi-cuadrado, exacta de Fisher y de Mann-Whitney.
Principales resultados:
- Las mujeres negras informaron una satisfacción significativamente menor con el manejo de las contracciones, la comodidad durante el parto y el control durante el trabajo de parto y el parto.
- Menos explicaciones del personal de enfermería y actitudes menos favorables de los médicos fueron reportadas por mujeres negras.
- Las puntuaciones generales de satisfacción y las puntuaciones de la subescala de autoevaluación fueron más bajas para las mujeres negras en comparación con las mujeres no negras.
Conclusiones:
- Las mujeres negras experimentaron una menor satisfacción general con su experiencia de parto en comparación con las mujeres no negras.
- Reducir las disparidades raciales en la atención médica es esencial para mejorar la atención obstétrica y la satisfacción del paciente.
- Los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de intervenciones específicas para abordar las inequidades en la atención materna.
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