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Asociaciones Específicas del Sexo entre Patrones Metabólicos y Disminución de la Función Renal: Un Estudio de Cohorte

Zhaoyang Zhao¹, Xiaoqing Ni¹, Jiale Xu¹

¹Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, People's Republic of China.

Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare

|December 31, 2025

Resumen

Las anomalías metabólicas aceleran la disminución de la función renal en mujeres con hipertensión, glucosa en ayunas alterada o dislipidemia límite, y en hombres con hipertensión y glucosa en ayunas alterada. El manejo temprano es clave para la protección renal.

Sus antecedentes:

Metabolic abnormalities, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, are prevalent and linked to various health issues.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions globally, necessitating research into its early risk factors.
Understanding sex-specific metabolic patterns and their impact on renal function is crucial for targeted interventions.

Objetivo del estudio:

To define sex-specific metabolic profiles in a Chinese population.
To investigate the association between these metabolic patterns and the decline of kidney function (eGFR) in individuals without pre-existing CKD.
To identify metabolic patterns that pose a higher risk for renal function deterioration.

Principales métodos:

Latent Profile Analysis was used to categorize participants into distinct metabolic patterns based on cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose levels.
Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were employed to analyze the longitudinal effect of metabolic patterns on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline.
The study included 8511 participants from a community-based health survey in China (2012-2018) with at least three follow-up investigations.

Principales resultados:

Women were classified into No Metabolic Abnormalities (NMA), Hypertension-Impaired Fasting Glucose-Borderline Dyslipidemia (HIB), and Hypertension-Hyperglycemia-Borderline Dyslipidemia (HHB). The HIB and HHB groups showed a significantly higher risk (1.33x and 1.41x, respectively) of renal function decline compared to NMA.
Men were classified into NMA, Hypertension-Impaired Fasting Glucose-Normal Total Cholesterol (HIN), and Hypertension-Hyperglycemia-Normal Total Cholesterol (HHN). The HIN group exhibited a 26% increased annual risk of renal function decline versus NMA, with no significant time-dependent association observed in the HHN group.
Both sexes in specific metabolic abnormality groups demonstrated a faster decline in eGFR over time compared to those with NMA.

Conclusiones:

Women with metabolic patterns HIB and HHB, and men with HIN, face an accelerated risk of renal function decline.
These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific metabolic profiling in assessing kidney disease risk.
Proactive management of metabolic abnormalities is essential for preserving kidney health and preventing CKD progression.

Palabras clave:

tasa de filtración glomerular estimada diferencia de género análisis de perfiles latentes anormalidad metabólica disminución de la función renal

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