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Cuando el lenguaje sana: Evaluación de la comunicación centrada en el paciente en la telemedicina china a través de
Fan Wang1, Junfang Wang2, Hailin Hu2
1Foreign Languages College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Digital health
|December 31, 2025
Resumen
Los médicos chinos muestran una adaptación lingüística limitada en las consultas en línea, favoreciendo la conversación profesional estable sobre las estrategias centradas en el paciente. La capacitación en la Teoría de la Acomodación de la Comunicación (TAC) puede mejorar la comunicación en telemedicina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comunicación Médica
- Salud Digital
- Adaptación Lingüística
Sus antecedentes:
- Las consultas médicas en línea son cada vez más prevalentes en China.
- La comunicación eficaz médico-paciente es crucial para una atención sanitaria de calidad.
- La Teoría de la Acomodación de la Comunicación (TAC) proporciona un marco para comprender la adaptación lingüística.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar las estrategias de adaptación lingüística utilizadas por los médicos chinos en las consultas en línea.
- Investigar cómo varían estas estrategias en diferentes contextos clínicos (afecciones agudas vs. crónicas).
- Aplicar la Teoría de la Acomodación de la Comunicación (TAC) para analizar las interacciones médico-paciente en telemedicina.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 200 consultas médico-paciente basadas en texto del conjunto de datos MedDialog-CN.
- Codificación de diálogos utilizando las cinco categorías estratégicas de la TAC y tácticas específicas derivadas de la teoría fundamentada.
- Empleo de análisis cuantitativo de frecuencia y análisis temático cualitativo para evaluar patrones de comunicación y respuestas de los pacientes.
Principales resultados:
- Los médicos utilizaron predominantemente estrategias de mantenimiento (74,5%), lo que indica una adaptabilidad lingüística limitada.
- La capacidad de respuesta (58%) y la clarificación (30,5%) fueron comunes; la simplificación (10%) y la empatía (16%) se utilizaron poco.
- Las consultas agudas presentaron una comunicación directiva y de clarificación, mientras que las consultas crónicas mostraron patrones orientados a la continuidad.
Conclusiones:
- La dependencia excesiva de la conversación profesionalizada y el uso insuficiente de estrategias adaptativas y empáticas resaltan una brecha en la atención centrada en el paciente.
- La capacitación en comunicación basada en la TAC puede mejorar la flexibilidad lingüística, la claridad y la participación emocional en la telemedicina china.
- La mejora de las estrategias de comunicación puede fomentar una atención médica digital más clara, compasiva y culturalmente adaptada.
Palabras clave:
atención médica digital chinaconsulta médica en líneateoría de la acomodación de la comunicaciónpatrón de comunicaciónatención centrada en el pacienteMás Videos Relacionados
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