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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
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Atenuación de la transferencia de calor radiativa super-Planckiana en estructuras a nanoescala

Ayan Majumder1, Kanishka Panda1, Rohith Mittapally1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

Nano letters
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores descubrieron que los polímeros pueden reducir la transferencia de calor radiativa super-Planckiana, un fenómeno que limita los sensores térmicos a nanoescala. El uso de Parylene-C en lugar de nitruro de silicio suprime significativamente este acoplamiento térmico mejorado, mejorando el rendimiento del calorímetro.

Palabras clave:
Parylene-Ctransporte de modos guiadoscalorimetría de alta resolucióntransferencia de calor radiativanitruro de siliciosuper-Planckianomembranas suspendidas

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física
  • Ciencia de los materiales
  • Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La transferencia de calor radiativa entre estructuras a nanoescala puede exceder el límite de cuerpo negro, conocida como transferencia de calor radiativa super-Planckiana.
  • Este fenómeno limita el rendimiento de los calorímetros de alta resolución utilizados en la detección térmica a nanoescala, a menudo fabricados con nitruro de silicio (SiN).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la atenuación de la transferencia de calor radiativa super-Planckiana utilizando polímeros.
  • Demostrar un rendimiento mejorado en dispositivos de detección térmica a nanoescala suprimiendo el acoplamiento térmico mejorado.

Principales métodos:

  • Modelado computacional para analizar la densidad de modos guiados y los espectros de absorción de los materiales.
  • Fabricación y prueba experimental de dispositivos utilizando Parylene-C y nitruro de silicio (SiN).

Principales resultados:

  • Los cálculos mostraron que el Parylene-C tiene menos modos guiados y menor absorción, suprimiendo el acoplamiento super-Planckiano hasta 10 veces en comparación con el SiN.
  • Los experimentos confirmaron que los dispositivos de Parylene-C exhiben un acoplamiento radiativo atenuado en comparación con los dispositivos de SiN.

Conclusiones:

  • El uso de polímeros como el Parylene-C puede atenuar significativamente la transferencia de calor radiativa super-Planckiana.
  • Esta atenuación conduce a un rendimiento mejorado en calorímetros de alta resolución para la detección térmica a nanoescala.