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Persiguiendo el "Me gusta": la alta FoMO eleva las respuestas P300 a la retroalimentación social positiva

Zhichen Chen¹, Jingnan Wang¹, Jiansheng Li¹

¹Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.

Journal of affective disorders

|December 31, 2025

Resumen

Las personas con un alto miedo a perderse algo (FoMO) muestran respuestas neuronales intensificadas a la retroalimentación social positiva, lo que sugiere una mayor sensibilidad a las señales de aprobación social. Esta hipersensibilidad neuronal puede vincularse con el uso problemático de las redes sociales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurociencia
Psicología
Investigación en Redes Sociales

Sus antecedentes:

El miedo a perderse algo (FoMO) está relacionado con la necesidad de pertenencia y el uso compulsivo de las redes sociales.
Las interacciones en las redes sociales proporcionan recompensas sociales que satisfacen esta necesidad y activan las vías de recompensa.
El procesamiento neuronal de la retroalimentación social en personas con FoMO alta no se comprende bien.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las diferencias en el procesamiento neuronal en respuesta a la retroalimentación social entre los grupos de FoMO alta y baja.
Examinar los componentes del potencial relacionado con eventos (ERP) asociados con la retroalimentación social.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó una tarea de demora de incentivo social (SIDT) con 67 estudiantes universitarios, categorizados en grupos de FoMO alta y baja.
Se registró la electroencefalografía (EEG) durante la tarea, centrándose en los componentes ERP de retroalimentación negativa (FRN) y P300.
Se analizaron las diferencias grupales en las amplitudes de ERP relacionadas con la valencia de la retroalimentación.

Principales resultados:

No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las amplitudes de la FRN entre los grupos de FoMO alta y baja.
Una interacción significativa para el componente P300 reveló amplitudes mayores en el grupo de FoMO alta para la retroalimentación social positiva.
No se observaron diferencias grupales en las amplitudes de P300 para la retroalimentación social negativa o neutral.

Conclusiones:

Las personas con FoMO alta exhiben una mayor sensibilidad neuronal a la retroalimentación social positiva.
Esta hipersensibilidad indica una mayor saliencia motivacional y atención a la aprobación social.
La respuesta neuronal elevada a las señales sociales puede ser un marcador de riesgo para la participación problemática en las redes sociales.

Palabras clave:

ERPs Miedo a perderse algo Uso problemático de las redes sociales Recompensa social

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