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Educación sexual integral basada en la escuela y en la animación en Kenia: protocolo para un estudio

Yifan Gao¹, Shuangyu Zhao^2,3, Douglas Okenyoru⁴

¹Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

|December 31, 2025

Resumen

El programa Afya Kesho utiliza la animación para impartir educación sexual integral a adolescentes kenianos, con el objetivo de mejorar el conocimiento y los comportamientos de salud sexual y reproductiva. Este protocolo de estudio describe su enfoque innovador para abordar importantes barreras de implementación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud del Adolescente
Intervenciones de Salud Pública
Educación sobre Salud y Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos

Sus antecedentes:

Los adolescentes kenianos enfrentan altas tasas de desafíos de salud sexual y reproductiva.
Las barreras para una educación sexual integral (CSE) efectiva en la escuela incluyen la resistencia cultural y la falta de personal capacitado.
El programa Afya Kesho ofrece un plan de estudios innovador basado en animación para mejorar el conocimiento, las actitudes y los comportamientos de salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Presentar el protocolo del programa Afya Kesho, un enfoque innovador para la educación sobre salud sexual y reproductiva de adolescentes en Kenia.
Evaluar la efectividad de un plan de estudios de CSE basado en animación, integrado en la escuela y la comunidad.

Principales métodos:

Estudio cuasiexperimental con diseño preintervención y postintervención.
La intervención se impartió en tres escuelas de los condados de Nairobi y Kiambu, con 17 episodios animados y 8 sesiones interactivas de CSE.
Se reclutaron 422 adolescentes de 10 a 19 años mediante muestreo multietapa; los datos se recopilaron mediante cuestionarios estructurados; análisis estadístico utilizando STATA V.17.

Principales resultados:

Los resultados primarios incluyen el conocimiento sobre salud sexual y reproductiva, las normas de género y la intimidad.
Los resultados secundarios abarcan la salud física y mental, los comportamientos alimentarios y la utilización de la atención sanitaria.
Plan detallado de análisis estadístico que incluye análisis descriptivos, inferenciales y de regresión multivariante.

Conclusiones:

Se presenta el protocolo del programa Afya Kesho, que detalla un enfoque innovador para la educación sobre salud sexual y reproductiva de adolescentes.
Se obtuvo la aprobación ética, con procedimientos de consentimiento informado establecidos.
Los hallazgos se difundirán a través de publicaciones de acceso abierto y conjuntos de datos anonimizados disponibles públicamente.

Palabras clave:

Adolescente Salud Educación para la Salud MEDICINA SEXUAL

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