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Poner en práctica "lo que te importa": un estudio etnográfico centrado en el equipo sobre la atención orientada a
Reini Haverals1, Sibyl Anthierens2, Carolyn Steele Gray3,4
1Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Reini.Haverals@ugent.be.
BMC primary care
|January 6, 2026
Resumen
La atención orientada a objetivos (GOC) requiere que los proveedores utilicen habilidades contextuales, relacionales y reflexivas, no solo conocimientos específicos de la tarea. Mejorar las competencias reflexivas es clave para que los proveedores de atención primaria alineen la atención centrada en el paciente con los objetivos individuales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Prestación de atención sanitaria
- Investigación en atención primaria
- Modelos de atención integrada
Sus antecedentes:
- La atención integrada centrada en la persona (PC-IC) enfatiza los valores del paciente.
- La atención orientada a objetivos (GOC) alinea las intervenciones médicas con las prioridades del paciente.
- Existe una comprensión limitada sobre la implementación de la GOC y las competencias requeridas por los proveedores.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar cómo los proveedores de atención primaria implementan la GOC en su práctica diaria.
- Identificar las competencias específicas necesarias para una implementación eficaz de la GOC.
- Informar la formación futura y el desarrollo de competencias para la GOC.
Principales métodos:
- Un enfoque etnográfico en equipo que combina observaciones y entrevistas.
- Muestreo intencional de proveedores de atención primaria con formación interprofesional en GOC.
- Análisis temático para identificar comportamientos de GOC y competencias subyacentes.
Principales resultados:
- La implementación de la GOC se basa en competencias contextuales, relacionales y reflexivas.
- Los proveedores demostraron conciencia contextual al vincular la atención con las experiencias y objetivos del paciente.
- Se estableció confianza relacional a través de la comunicación abierta, fomentando la toma de decisiones compartida.
- La competencia reflexiva implicó la reevaluación de la atención en función de los objetivos del paciente, las suposiciones y la aportación del equipo.
Conclusiones:
- Fortalecer las competencias reflexivas es crucial para la formación de los proveedores de atención primaria.
- Es vital apoyar a los proveedores en la reflexión sobre sus responsabilidades y suposiciones.
- La capacidad reflexiva es esencial para integrar la GOC y alinear la atención con las prioridades del paciente.
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