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Tuberculosis presenting as dysphagia in an immunocompetent patient: a case report
A Temmerman1,2, A Van Hootegem2, P Monballyu3
1Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica
|January 6, 2026
Resumen
La tuberculosis extrapulmonar, una afección esofágica rara, puede presentarse como una lesión subepitelial. El diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos con fármacos tuberculostáticos son cruciales para manejar esta presentación atípica de la tuberculosis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- Enfermedades Infecciosas
- Neumología
Sus antecedentes:
- La tuberculosis esofágica (TE) es una manifestación rara de la tuberculosis extrapulmonar.
- Las presentaciones atípicas de la TE pueden conducir a retrasos en el diagnóstico o a un diagnóstico erróneo.
- La TE secundaria implica la infiltración de estructuras circundantes, a diferencia de la TE primaria.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar un caso de tuberculosis esofágica secundaria que se presenta como una lesión subepitelial.
- Destacar la importancia de considerar la TE en pacientes con lesiones subepiteliales esofágicas, particularmente en áreas endémicas.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de un paciente tibetano inmunocompetente de 44 años.
- Los procedimientos de diagnóstico incluyeron gastroscopia y ecografía endoscópica (USE) con adquisición de tejido.
- El tratamiento implicó fármacos tuberculostáticos estándar.
Principales resultados:
- La gastroscopia reveló una lesión subepitelial (LSE) en el esófago.
- La adquisición de tejido guiada por USE confirmó tuberculosis esofágica secundaria.
- El paciente mostró una respuesta exitosa al tratamiento con fármacos tuberculostáticos.
Conclusiones:
- La tuberculosis esofágica debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones subepiteliales esofágicas.
- Los pacientes de regiones endémicas de tuberculosis que presentan LSE requieren una evaluación exhaustiva de la TE.
- El diagnóstico oportuno y el tratamiento antituberculoso adecuado son esenciales para obtener resultados favorables.
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