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Nefrolitiasis donada: análisis de casos y estudio comparativo

Maxwell Sandberg¹, Mark Xu¹, Randall Bissette¹

¹Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USA.

The Canadian journal of urology

|January 7, 2026

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La nefrolitiasis donada, o cálculos renales en riñones de donante fallecido (DF), es muy rara en trasplantes de riñón. Este estudio encontró resultados favorables en pacientes y injertos, sugiriendo que el trasplante es viable incluso con cálculos conocidos.

Palabras clave:

nefrolitotomía percutánea de riñón de donante fallecido nefrolitiasis cálculo trasplante

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Área de la Ciencia:

Nefrología
Cirugía de Trasplantes
Urología

Sus antecedentes:

La nefrolitiasis donada es una complicación rara en el trasplante renal de donante fallecido (DF).
Existe investigación limitada, carente de pautas establecidas para el manejo de cálculos renales en donantes.
Esta variabilidad afecta la selección de riñones de donantes y la atención al receptor.

Objetivo del estudio:

Determinar la frecuencia de nefrolitiasis donada en receptores de trasplante renal de DF.
Analizar los resultados de pacientes y injertos en receptores con cálculos renales donados.
Evaluar la seguridad y viabilidad del trasplante de riñones con cálculos preexistentes.

Principales métodos:

Revisión retrospectiva de trasplantes renales de DF y atención postoperatoria en el Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center (1979-2025).
Identificación de cálculos donados descubiertos durante o dentro de las dos semanas posteriores al trasplante.
Comparación del tamaño del cálculo entre pacientes tratados y vigilados; análisis de los resultados de pacientes y injertos.

Principales resultados:

Ocho de 4723 trasplantes renales de DF (0,2%) tuvieron nefrolitiasis donada.
El tamaño mediano del cálculo fue de 8 mm
el 38% de los pacientes recibieron tratamiento, el 62% se sometieron a vigilancia.
Ocurrió un fallo del injerto en el 25% de los receptores, con un caso relacionado con el tratamiento del cálculo.

Conclusiones:

La nefrolitiasis donada es excepcionalmente rara en el trasplante renal de DF.
Los resultados favorables de pacientes e injertos respaldan la viabilidad del trasplante de riñones de DF con cálculos conocidos.
La investigación adicional puede refinar las estrategias de manejo para esta rara condición.