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Updated: Jan 13, 2026
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The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION
Published on: November 20, 2016
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Asociación entre los agonistas del receptor GLP-1 y la neuropatía óptica isquémica: un metaanálisis
Alleh Nogueira1, Tiago N O Rassi2, Asad Iqbal3
1Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Diabetes care
|January 7, 2026
Resumen
Los agonistas del receptor de péptidos similares al glucagón (GLP-1 RA) pueden aumentar ligeramente el riesgo de neuropatía óptica isquémica no arterítica (NAION). Este estudio encontró una asociación modesta, enfatizando la necesidad de una monitorización continua de la seguridad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología
- Endocrinología
- Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los agonistas del receptor de péptidos similares al glucagón (GLP-1 RA) se usan ampliamente para la diabetes tipo 2 y el control del peso.
- Los datos emergentes de seguridad exigen la investigación de posibles eventos oculares adversos asociados con el uso de GLP-1 RA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre el uso de agonistas del receptor GLP-1 (GLP-1 RA) y el riesgo de neuropatía óptica isquémica no arterítica (NAION).
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Embase y Cochrane Library hasta agosto de 2025.
- Se realizó un metaanálisis de quince estudios longitudinales, que incluyeron 8 ensayos con más de 1,5 millones de pacientes.
- Se agruparon las odds ratios y el riesgo absoluto de NAION utilizando modelos de efectos aleatorios; los eventos oculares generales fueron resultados secundarios.
Principales resultados:
- El uso de GLP-1 RA se asoció con un aumento estadísticamente significativo en el riesgo de NAION (OR 1.70; IC del 95%: 1.23-2.36).
- El riesgo absoluto de NAION en el grupo de GLP-1 RA fue del 0.09%, lo que se traduce en un número necesario a dañar de aproximadamente 2700.
- No se encontró una asociación significativa entre el uso de GLP-1 RA y los eventos oculares adversos generales (OR 0.95; IC del 95%: 0.86-1.05).
Conclusiones:
- El uso de GLP-1 RA se asocia con una modesta elevación en el riesgo de neuropatía óptica isquémica no arterítica.
- Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de la vigilancia postcomercialización a largo plazo de los GLP-1 RA.
- Estos riesgos deben considerarse junto con los beneficios cardiovasculares y metabólicos establecidos de los GLP-1 RA.
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