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Sincronía entre la maduración de la edad cerebral y los síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes a lo largo de la

Dani Beck¹, Chloe Carrick², Eira R Aksnes^1,3

¹PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

|January 8, 2026

Resumen

Las desviaciones en el desarrollo cerebral adolescente, no las diferencias fijas, están relacionadas con síntomas de salud mental. Los cambios no lineales en las trayectorias de maduración cerebral se correlacionan con la aceleración de los síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes durante la adolescencia.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurociencia
Psicología del Desarrollo
Psiquiatría

Sus antecedentes:

La adolescencia implica cambios neurobiológicos y conductuales significativos.
La relación entre la maduración cerebral atípica y los síntomas de salud mental no se comprende bien.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo las desviaciones en la maduración cerebral se relacionan con el desarrollo de síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes en adolescentes.
Utilizar la predicción multimodal de la edad cerebral y el modelado de curvas de crecimiento para evaluar estas relaciones.

Principales métodos:

Se emplearon datos del estudio Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD).
Se utilizó la predicción multimodal de la edad cerebral (T1, dMRI, rs-fMRI) y modelos bivariados de curvas de crecimiento latente (BLGC).
Se evaluó la brecha de edad cerebral (BAG) y los síntomas de salud mental (Brief Problem Monitor) en múltiples oleadas.

Principales resultados:

Las desviaciones en la maduración cerebral y los síntomas de salud mental mostraron un desarrollo no lineal coordinado.
La divergencia acelerada de la maduración cerebral esperada por edad se asoció con la aceleración de las trayectorias de los síntomas.
Las asociaciones fueron de pequeñas a moderadas, y los síntomas internalizantes en mujeres mostraron una mayor consistencia.

Conclusiones:

Los problemas de salud mental en adolescentes están relacionados con cambios no lineales en las trayectorias de maduración cerebral, no con diferencias estáticas en la edad cerebral.
Los cambios no lineales en el ritmo de maduración pueden ser cruciales para comprender la vulnerabilidad a la psicopatología juvenil.

Palabras clave:

Edad cerebral RM adolescencia externalizante internalizante salud mental

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